Journal Research of Social Science, Economics, and Management
Journal Title: Journal of Research of Social Science, Economics, and Management E-ISSN : 2807-6311 P-ISSN : 2807-6494 DOI : 10.36418 Frequency : Monthly Indexing and Abstracting : Google Scholar, Dimensions - Road - Crossref - Garuda - Copernicus - Scilit- Ebsco Publication Guidelines : COPE Guidelines Publisher : Publikasi Indonesia 1st Issues of Publication: 2021 Journal of Research of Social Science, Economics, and Management is an international interdisciplinary publication of original research and writing on social science, economic and management. This journal is can be accessed openly. Journal Research of Social Science, Economics, and Management provides a means for ongoing discussion of relevant issues that fall within the focus and scope of the journal that can be empirically examined. This journal publishing innovative theory-driven research papers in the selected areas of social sciences i.e., management and economics. Journal has become a member of Crossref (Prefix: 10.46799) with Online ISSN 2807-6311 and Print ISSN 2807-6494. Beginning with issue 1 of volume 1 (2021), this journal will be published monthly journal (12 issues/year) by Publikasi Indonesia.
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Determinants of Profitability in Non-Financial Sectors: a Panel Data and Machine Learning Analysis of Indonesian Firms from 2012 to 2023
Profitability is a crucial measure of financial stability and operational success for firms. In Indonesia, the capital market has grown significantly, with the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) reaching a market capitalization of IDR 11.67 quadrillion by 2023. However, there remains a gap in studies that comprehensively analyze the determinants of profitability across all non-financial sectors in Indonesia. This research aims to identify and analyze the determinants of profitability in Indonesian non-financial companies using both traditional panel data regression and machine learning techniques. Using quarterly data from 816 non-financial companies listed on the IDX from 2012 to 2023, this study employs panel regression with a fixed effects model and Driscoll-Kraay standard errors. Return on assets (ROA) and earnings per share (EPS) are employed as profitability measures, while firm size (LSIZE), company efficiency (CE), liquidity (LIQ), market power (MP), sales growth (SG), and sustainable growth rate (LSGR) are investigated as explanatory variables. Results from the panel regression analysis reveal that, except for LIQ, all variables have a positive and significant impact on profitability. The analysis is further refined using machine learning techniques, specifically Random Forest, XGBoost, and a deep learning neural network, which conclude that the most important variable influencing ROA is company efficiency, while the most important variable influencing EPS is firm size
Copyright (c) 2025 Boedy Christian, Valentino Budhidharma https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Influence of Salary Compensation, Leadership Communication, Work Culture, Competence, and Motivation on The Work Productivity of Generation Z In Culinary MSMES In Balikpapan
This study analyzes the effect of salary compensation, leadership communication, work culture, competence, and motivation on the work productivity of Generation Z in culinary MSMEs in Balikpapan, using multiple linear regression with 135 respondents. The study reveals that Generation Z is a workforce group with unique characteristics that require an adaptive and innovative management approach. The results show that competence has a positive and significant effect (B=0.348; p<0.05), while salary compensation (B=-0.117; p<0.05) and leadership communication (B=-0.242; p<0.05) have significant negative effects. Work culture and motivation are not significant partially, but simultaneously, all variables have a significant effect. These findings provide practical recommendations for MSMEs to optimize competency development, revise compensation schemes, and improve leadership communication to suit the characteristics of Gen Z.
Copyright (c) 2025 Yosica Ferinda, Denpharanto Agung Krisprimandoyo, Natalia Christiani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Influence of Service Quality (Servqual) on the Satisfaction of BPJS Patients in Indonesian Healthcare Facilities: A Systematic Review
The increasing number of BPJS users is not always accompanied by improvements in service quality, leading to varied patient experiences and satisfaction levels. This study aims to analyze and synthesize empirical evidence on the influence of the five SERVQUAL service quality dimensions—reliability, assurance, tangibility, empathy, and responsiveness—on BPJS patient satisfaction in Indonesian health facilities. Therefore, a systematic review is needed to comprehensively examine this influence. This study employs a systematic review method to explore the relationship between health service quality and BPJS patient satisfaction, based on the five service quality dimensions (reliability, assurance, tangibility, empathy, and responsiveness) at facilities such as hospitals and community health centers (Puskesmas). The review was conducted using the Google Scholar database. The five SERVQUAL service quality dimensions (reliability, assurance, tangibility, empathy, and responsiveness) generally show a significant positive relationship with BPJS patient satisfaction in Indonesian health facilities. Although the most influential dimension varies across studies, overall improvements in service quality across all dimensions directly contribute to higher patient satisfaction. Based on the nine studies analyzed, the five SERVQUAL service quality dimensions (reliability, assurance, tangibility, empathy, and responsiveness) generally have a significant relationship with BPJS patient satisfaction.
Copyright (c) 2025 Novita Yudiana Pangaribuan, Vanessa Vanessa, Jonathan Juniard Anurantha https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Effect of Green Innovation and Eco-Efficiency on Financial Performance with Good Corporate Governance as A Moderating Variable
This study examines the influence of green innovation and eco-efficiency on financial performance with good corporate governance (GCG) as a moderating variable in energy sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during 2022-2024. The research employs quantitative methods using Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) analysis with a sample of 180 observations from energy sector companies over three years selected through purposive sampling. The results indicate that green innovation negatively and significantly affects financial performance, while eco-efficiency positively and significantly impacts financial performance. Furthermore, GCG weakens the influence of green innovation on financial performance but strengthens the positive influence of eco-efficiency on financial performance. These findings provide insights for companies in balancing environmental innovation with operational efficiency under effective corporate governance to optimize financial performance in the energy sector.
Copyright (c) 2025 Komang Cyntia Utami, Ni Putu Budiadnyani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Role of Flexible Work Arrangementon Generation Z Employee
Changing expectations in the Generation Z workforce require organizations to revisit how to design a work system that suits the needs of flexibility, life balance, and work autonomy. Generation Z tends to value flexibility as an important role in choosing and retaining jobs, while traditional work policies are considered less relevant. This study aims to identify the role and effectiveness of Flexible Working Arrangement (FWA) on job satisfaction, productivity, and performance of Generation Z employees as well as the type of FWA that best suits the characteristics of Generation Z and what are the drivers for FWA to run effectively. The research uses a qualitative approach through the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method with PRISMA guidance and the PICO framework to identify, screen, and synthesize relevant scientific articles. The article is included in the period 2020-2025 and obtained 10 empirical aricelles that meet the inclusion criteria for analysis. The results of the synthesis show that the implementation of FWA, such as flextime, flexplace, remote work, or hybrid, has a positive effect on job satisfaction, life balance, productivity and performance of Generation Z employees. Therefore, FWA is not only a philosophy of flexibility, but also a human resource management strategy that plays a role in improving the motivation, welfare and overall performance of Generation Z employees. This research is limited to a literature review, further research with an empirical approach is needed to verify the findings in more depth.
Copyright (c) 2025 Salsabila Ananda Putri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Initial Gas Reserve Estimation For Wells W-1, W-1A, and W-2 Based on Well Log Data in the Wailawi Field, East Kalimantan
The Wailawi Field, located in East Kalimantan, is a mature oil and gas field that still holds potential hydrocarbon reserves despite experiencing a decline in production. This study aims to evaluate the remaining hydrocarbon reserves in Well X based on well log data to assess the potential for field redevelopment. The methods used include qualitative and quantitative petrophysical analyses using gamma ray, resistivity, neutron, and density logs, which are then integrated with volumetric calculations to determine the Original Gas in Place (OGIP), Recoverable Reserves (Rtotal), and Remaining Reserves (RR). The petrophysical analysis results show that Well Wailawi-1 has an average porosity of 0.16 and a water saturation of 0.77; Well Wailawi-1A has a porosity of 0.16 and water saturation of 0.61; and Well Wailawi-2 has a porosity of 0.18 and water saturation of 0.64. High porosity and low water saturation values indicate good reservoir quality for hydrocarbon accumulation. Based on volumetric calculations, the OGIP values obtained are 92.06 BSCF for Well W-1, 15,552,989,133 MSCF for Well W-1A, and 58,545,637,822 MSCF for Well W-2. With a recovery factor of 85%, the total recoverable reserves (Rtotal) reach 78,250,771,653 MSCF, with cumulative production (Np) of 23,210,000,000 MSCF, resulting in remaining gas reserves (RR) of 55,040,771,653 MSCF. These results indicate that the Wailawi Field still possesses economically viable hydrocarbon reserves that can be developed through workover operations, infill drilling, and optimization of productive zones.
Copyright (c) 2025 Julieta Da Silva Dos Reis https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analysis of the Impact of D-PSM (Digital Public Service Mall) Innovation in Bangkalan on Enhancing Responsiveness, Neutrality, Accountability, & Legal Compliance as a Representation of NWS (Neo-Weberian State)
*]:pointer-events-auto scroll-mt-[calc(var(--header-height)+min(200px,max(70px,20svh)))]" dir="auto" tabindex="-1" data-turn-id="request-694a41fb-cba0-8320-9023-5aa082cf3a97-2" data-testid="conversation-turn-32" data-scroll-anchor="true" data-turn="assistant"> This study analyzes the impact of the Digital Public Service Mall (Digital Public Service Mall/D-PSM) innovation implemented in Bangkalan Regency on improving the quality of public services, particularly in terms of responsiveness, neutrality, accountability, and legal compliance as core principles of the Neo-Weberian State (NWS). The D-PSM innovation was developed to modernize public service delivery through digitalization by integrating various administrative services from multiple agencies into a single, accessible, and efficient digital platform. This study employs a qualitative descriptive approach using secondary data sources, including official government reports, internal evaluation documents, policy regulations, and relevant academic literature. The findings indicate that D-PSM has significantly improved service accessibility, processing speed, and transparency, thereby reducing bureaucratic complexity and enhancing public trust. The implementation of digital systems has also strengthened accountability mechanisms through traceable service processes and standardized procedures. However, the study identifies persistent challenges, particularly related to limited internet connectivity, uneven digital literacy, and unequal access to services in remote and rural areas of Bangkalan Regency. Despite these constraints, official evaluations by the Ministry of Administrative and Bureaucratic Reform (Kemenpan-RB) categorize D-PSM Bangkalan as “active,” reflecting positive institutional performance. This study concludes that D-PSM represents a meaningful step toward NWS-oriented governance and recommends strengthening digital infrastructure, expanding technical capacity, and improving inclusivity to achieve a more responsive, neutral, and accountable public service system.
Copyright (c) 2025 Windayati Windayati, Bintoro Wardiyanto, Erna Setijaningrum https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Optimization of Gas Turbine Operational Parameters Using Machine Learning
Cogeneration Gas turbines are the main equipment in the electrical grid system. To meet the load needs on the grid, power plants have several gas turbine units, with the same or different capacities. The load adjustment for each gas turbine unit is carried out by numerical calculation based on load needs, operating parameters, fuel consumption and steam production. In Fact, the recommended value of the numerical calculation is always above the turbine gas operation, resulting in inefficient fuel consumption. This research reformaltes a gas turbine dispatch problem into a data-driven optimization task. Researcher develop an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) on Multi Layer Preceptron (MLP) model using parameter data from 2024 with filters baseload-efficient condition. The Model produces unit capability rankings and validated within <2% error. Compared to dispatcher recommendations, average deviation ~7% with the model, enabling measurable fuel saving and increased steam production.
Copyright (c) 2025 Safwanul Hadi, Nani Kurniati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analysis of the Influence of Liquidity, Intellectual Capital, and Capital Structure on Financial Performance in Property Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange
This study aims to analyze the influence of liquidity, intellectual capital, and capital structure on the financial performance of property companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The research uses a quantitative approach with financial data from property companies over a specific period. Liquidity is measured using the current ratio, intellectual capital is assessed through the Value Added Intellectual Coefficient (VAIC) method, and capital structure is evaluated using the debt-to-equity ratio. Financial performance is measured by return on assets (ROA). The data are analyzed using multiple regression analysis to determine the relationships between the variables. The findings suggest that liquidity has a positive and significant effect on financial performance, while intellectual capital and capital structure show mixed results, with intellectual capital having a significant positive impact and capital structure showing no significant effect. These results highlight the importance of liquidity management and intellectual capital in enhancing financial performance in the property sector. The study provides valuable insights for property companies and investors, emphasizing the need for efficient capital management and leveraging intellectual assets to improve profitability and competitiveness in the market.
Copyright (c) 2025 Putri Ningsih Pribadi, Wiliam Santoso, Christian Herdinata https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Relationship Between Parenting Styles and Peer Attachment in Adolescents at X Senior High School
Adolescence is a critical developmental period where individuals begin to build more complex social relationships outside the family. Parenting styles are believed to play a crucial role in shaping adolescents' ability to form attachments with peers, which in turn affects their emotional and social well-being. This research aims to determine the relationship between parenting styles and peer attachment among adolescents at High School X. This study uses a quantitative approach with a correlational design and survey method. The research subjects were high school students at High School X who were selected according to the research criteria, with instruments in the form of a parenting style scale and a peer attachment scale. Data analysis was conducted using a Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test and Pearson and Spearman correlation tests. The results showed a positive and significant relationship between parenting styles and peer attachment (; ), although the strength of the relationship was relatively low. These findings indicate that parenting styles play a role in shaping adolescents' attachment to their peers, but they are not the only factor that influences the quality of adolescents' social relationships
Copyright (c) 2025 Farah Septa Dhiya’ulhaq Saputri, Onny Fransinata Anggara https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Effectiveness of Instagram on The Sales Performance of Msmes in South Kalimantan Within the Context of Post Digital Fatigue
Digital transformation is often promoted as a solution to improve the marketing performance of MSMEs. However, in the context of ultra-micro businesses in South Kalimantan, the impact does not always align with this narrative. This study examines the influence of post-digital fatigue , perceived effectiveness of Instagram, and the length of time the business has been active on the platform on MSMEs' perceptions of increased sales. A quantitative approach was used with 204 ultra-micro business owners in 13 districts/cities, analyzed using ordinal logistic regression. The results show that all three variables significantly influence perceptions of increased sales. These findings indicate that digital stress can become a psychological and operational burden rather than guaranteeing sales success. This study contributes to the literature on micro-sector digitalization and emphasizes the need for more contextual and applicable digital training.
Copyright (c) 2025 Rindiani Amelia, Ignatius Ismojo Herdono https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analysis of the Influence of Return on Equity and Earnings Per Share on the Stock Prices of Energy Sector Companies (Idxenergy) During the Windfall Profit Period 2021-2024
The increase in energy commodity prices on a global scale in 2021-2024 has caused a windfall profit phenomenon that creates dynamics among investors on the Indonesia Stock Exchange regarding the relevance of fundamental metric signals to stock prices. This study was conducted to re-examine the effect of Return on Equity (ROE) and Earnings Per Share (EPS) on the share price of energy sector companies (IDXENERGY) by applying external control variables in the form of average coal prices. This study uses a quantitative approach with data analysis techniques in the form of panel data regression with a total of 172 observations. The analysis was conducted using a Fixed Effect Model (FEM) which was estimated using Clustered Standard Errors (by-Cross-section) in the EViews 13 application to ensure that the research results were free from heteroscedasticity and autocorrelation. The results of the study show that ROE has no significant effect on stock prices while EPS has a positive and significant effect on stock prices, making EPS relevant for investors in assessing the company's fundamental performance. These findings indicate that investors tend to act rationally and apply different treatment between transitory profits and fundamental profits.
Copyright (c) 2025 Aswa Yuditkha Putra, Yeni Rafika Nengsih https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Institutional Synthesis of Local Wisdom and CPR Principles: The Sustainability of Kemiri-Coffee Agroforestry in Kawae Community Forest, Bima
Bima Regency, West Nusa Tenggara, faces significant environmental degradation due to the widespread conversion of protected forest areas into seasonal corn fields, which increases flood vulnerability. This study analyzes the sustainability of the community-based natural resource management model in the Kawae Block Community Forest (HKm), managed by the Forest Farmers Group (KTH) Oi Rida, by integrating Elinor Ostrom’s Common-Pool Resources (CPR) theory with the local wisdom of Ngaha Aina Ngoho. Using a qualitative descriptive approach with a case study design, data were collected through in-depth interviews, participant observation, and document analysis. The findings indicate that the sustainability of HKm Kawae is driven by two synergistic factors: (1) Economic-Ecological Rationality, where the candlenut-coffee agroforestry model provides stable household income (30–50%) while performing essential ecological functions such as carbon sequestration and water conservation, fulfilling Ostrom’s principle of rule congruence (P2); and (2) Social-Institutional Legitimacy, where the local philosophy of Ngaha Aina Ngoho has been institutionalized into informal rules, strengthening collective compliance, supporting graduated sanctions (P6), and embedding conservation ethics into daily practice. The study concludes that the long-term sustainability of community-based forest management depends not only on technical-economic viability but also on the deliberate integration of local cultural values into governance institutions. This model offers a replicable framework for other regions in NTB and similar contexts facing land-use conflicts and environmental pressure.
Copyright (c) 2025 Sulaiman Sulaiman https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Effect of Live Streaming Shopping on Purchase Intentions of Electronic Goods Through E-Commerce
The rapid development of digital technology and social media has encouraged the increasing use of live streaming shopping features on e-commerce platforms in Indonesia. This phenomenon presents a new marketing communication pattern that allows direct interaction between streamers and consumers, especially in the category of electronic goods which is the sector with the highest e-commerce transaction value. This study aims to analyze the influence of live streaming shopping on consumer purchase intent using the Stimulus–Organism–Response (S-O-R) method. The stimulus variables tested included live streamer interaction, product quality, and e-commerce promotion; The organism variables include customer trust and impulsiveness, while the response variable is purchase intention. The research was carried out by method through the distribution of questionnaires that have witnessed live streaming shopping e-commerce in the past month and are in the Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, Bekasi area. The data was analyzed using PLS-SEM. The results of the study showed that product quality, e-commerce promotion, customer trust, and impulsiveness have a significant influence on purchase intent. In contrast, live streamer interaction had no significant effect on customer trust or impulsiveness, indicating that consumers of electronic goods considered functional aspects such as quality and promotion more than interpersonal interactions with streamers. Additionally, impulsiveness emerged as the most dominant factor in increasing buying intent. These findings strengthen the relevance of S-O-R theory in the context of live streaming shopping while providing practical implications for e-commerce players to improve credibility, information quality, promotional strategies, and impulsive trigger elements to encourage consumer purchase decisions.
Copyright (c) 2025 Bayu Erlangga, Fathan Zidni Imawan, Ferianie Herera Atmaja Halim, Julbintor Kembaren https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Implementation of POJK 51 and CSR Disclosure in the Sustainability Reports of Agricultural and Aquaculture Sector Companies in 2022
This study examines the implementation of POJK 51 and SDGs disclosure in the 2022 sustainability reports of companies in the agriculture and aquaculture industries' D sector. Using data from the Indonesia Stock Exchange's official website, 48 companies were sampled and analyzed using content analysis. Results show that most companies have achieved a high category in POJK 51 implementation, indicating strong awareness of SDGs practices. However, about 40% are in the medium category. Distribution of POJK 51 implementation percentages varies significantly among companies. While the majority disclose SDGs at a medium level, some exhibit low levels. Variations in SDGs disclosure percentages highlight differing levels of engagement, suggesting areas for sustainability reporting improvement. Overall, the research provides valuable insights for stakeholders and the industry to enhance commitments to sustainability practices and SDGs attainment.
Copyright (c) 2025 Christine Bawaeda Sitandung Kombong, Kurniawati Kurniawati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Relationship Between Burnout and Workload Among Nurses at Hospital X Surabaya
Burnout is a serious problem among healthcare professionals, such as nurses and doctors. Burnout is associated with a number of adverse consequential outcomes in health care. As many as 37.8% were in medium and high level burnout. Knowing some of the factors that cause burnout syndrome and how to manage burnout as a preventive measure against the incidence of burnout in nurses at X Surabaya hospital The method used in writing this article is descriptive analytics, by collecting secondary data obtained from the Department of Nursing. Factors such as length of employment, education and position, and workload can affect the level of burnout in nurses at Hospital X. Management strategies that can be applied to prevent burnout are stress management, organizational intervention (creating a comfortable atmosphere, rewarding and recognizing employee contributions), managing workload, and can create conditions where employees can freely manage from the workload received in the form of Job Control.
Copyright (c) 2025 Syaiful Adam, Nyoman Anita Damayanti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Digital Financial Innovation, Bank Efficiency, and Sustainability: A Prisma Based Systematic Literature Review in the Banking Sector (2015–2025)
This study presents a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) that integrates three main pillars digital financial innovation, banking efficiency, and sustainability using the PRISMA approach and the CIMO framework for the period 2015–2025. The digitalization of financial services and the adoption of fintech have become key drivers of the transformation of the global banking industry, impacting operational efficiency, profitability, risk management, and the sustainability agenda. Through a rigorous identification and selection process of 30 primary studies (60 reports) from Scopus and other relevant sources, this study maps the geographic context, forms of digital intervention, mechanisms of influence, and resulting outputs. The results show that research is dominated by studies based on the Asian context, particularly China, with a focus on digital transformation, fintech adoption, and regulatory sandbox implementation. The main mechanisms identified include data-driven decision-making, digital governance, network effects, automation, and financial inclusion mechanisms. Meanwhile, the dominant outputs are cost efficiency, profitability, risk stability, and improved ESG performance, although research related to the circular economy and social implications is still limited. The main contribution of this SLR is the development of a CIMO-based mapping and the development of a Tri-Dimensional Digital Banking Framework conceptual framework that connects digital technology, regulatory governance, and sustainability. These findings provide practical implications for banks, regulators, and policymakers regarding digital transformation strategies, risk governance, and ESG integration. Furthermore, this study opens a broader research agenda related to geographic equity, enriching methodologies, and expanding outputs toward efficient, inclusive, and sustainable digital financial innovation.
Copyright (c) 2025 Marsela Diaz https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Digital Collaboration-Based Public Service Transformation Through The Ula Application
Public service transformation in the digital era requires strengthened interdepartmental collaboration supported by information technology. This study examines the implementation of the Administrative Service Unit (ULA) Application at the General Bureau of the North Sulawesi Provincial Secretariat as a form of digital collaboration to enhance the effectiveness of internal administrative services. Using a descriptive qualitative approach through document analysis, literature review, and limited administrative observation, this article explores how administrative digitalization accelerates workflows, establishes new collaborative patterns, and strengthens bureaucratic transparency. The findings indicate that ULA improves processing efficiency by approximately 40%, clarifies correspondence flows through digital audit trails, and strengthens inter-unit collaboration through an integrated work system. Digitalization also fosters a shift in bureaucratic culture toward more responsive, accountable, and network-based work patterns. These results demonstrate that digital collaboration is a strategic element in public service transformation within regional government settings.
Copyright (c) 2025 Sammy Andro Masengi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Developing Adaptive Business Strategies Using the SWOt Matrix: a Case Study of PT Tri Adi Bersama (ANTERAJA)
The growth of e-commerce in Indonesia continues to drive the increasing need for last-mile logistics services that demand speed, accuracy, and operational transparency. This study aims to formulate an adaptive strategy for PT Tri Adi Bersama (Anteraja) through a SWOT analysis approach that is quantified using IFAS, EFAS, and SPACE Matrices. The research method used was descriptive quantitative with a Likert scale questionnaire instrument (1–5) based on 12 SWOT indicators (3 Strengths, 3 Weaknesses, 3 Opportunities, and 3 Threats). A total of 255 respondents participated in this study, consisting of 63 internal respondents and 192 external respondents who were selected through purposive sampling techniques. The results of data processing showed an IFAS score of 0.35, which indicates that Anteraja's internal strengths are more dominant than its weaknesses. Meanwhile, an EFAS score of 0.04 indicates a slightly greater external opportunity than a threat. The combination of these two values places Anteraja's strategic position in Quadrant I (Aggressive) in the SPACE Matrix, which reflects the company's position in a situation that supports growth and expansion. Based on these findings, the recommended adaptive strategy focuses on utilizing internal strengths and external opportunities, such as strengthening service digitization, expanding distribution networks, developing fast services (same-day/instant), and optimizing technology-based services and fulfillment. These findings are expected to be a reference for companies in formulating business strategies that are more responsive to the dynamics of the digital logistics industry.
Copyright (c) 2025 Evan Rifqi Kusumah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Direct Manager-Employee Relationship and Job Satisfaction in Start-Up Businesses
Start-up businesses, characterized by lean structures and limited resources, necessitate multifaceted roles for managers, often leading to informal human resource responsibilities. This research explores three key questions: how manager-employee relationships are formed in start-ups, what job satisfaction entails in such environments, and the relationship between the quality of these interactions and employee job satisfaction. Given that start-ups often lack formal HR structures, strong relational foundations are critical for engagement and organizational stability. The study employs a qualitative approach, utilizing semi-structured interviews with participants from various Indonesian start-ups. NVivo software facilitated coding and thematic analysis, grounded in the Leader Member Exchange (LMX) theory and Job Satisfaction theory by McShane and Von Glinow. Findings reveal that quality relationships are defined by trust, respect, and obligation, with trust emerging from employees' confidence in managerial competence, while respect is shown through acknowledgment and fairness. Job satisfaction is influenced by job characteristics, supportive work environments, and emotional experiences. Despite heavy demands, employees experience high satisfaction when interpersonal support is prevalent. A strong connection between LMX and job satisfaction suggests that relational quality can mitigate structural limitations, ultimately enhancing employee well-being in early-stage organizations. This research offers insights for strengthening relational practices, highlighting the significance of manager-employee relationships in influencing job satisfaction.
Copyright (c) 2025 Rachel Natalie G. Simanjuntak, Henndy Ginting https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Development of Business Model Canvas Based on SWOT Analysis for the Family Segment to Increase Xl's Revenue
The Indonesian telecommunications industry is experiencing rapid transformation, with growing demands for efficient digital connectivity—particularly in the family segment. myXL, a prepaid application by XLSMART, offers significant potential to enhance family digital engagement but faces challenges in customer retention and feature optimization. Specifically, family-oriented packages such as AKRAB and XL Circle have not performed optimally as primary revenue drivers. This study adopts a qualitative approach using in-depth interviews with six key informants and analysis of internal company documents. Its objective is to evaluate the myXL prepaid business model and formulate strategies to increase revenue and customer engagement in the family segment. The study employs Business Model Canvas (BMC) analysis to map the current business structure, SWOT analysis to identify internal and external factors, and the TOWS Matrix to design strategic improvement scenarios. Findings reveal that the myXL application has strengths in digital infrastructure and active user loyalty but exhibits weaknesses in the adoption and popularity of family-specific features. Significant opportunities arise from increasing demand for family connectivity and digital parenting awareness, while threats include intense competition and regulatory changes. The study provides practical contributions for XLSMART in designing data-driven policies and digital product strategies. This research is limited to prepaid users of the myXL application in Indonesia
Copyright (c) 2025 Haaris Millah Muhammad, Mohammad Riza Sutjipto https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Geopolitics and International Sports Governance: a Case Study of Fifa's Response to the Russian and Israeli National Teams Amid Russia's Versus Ukraine and Israel's Versus Palestine Rage
This article analyzes the response of the Federation Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) to two major geopolitical conflicts, namely the Russia–Ukraine war and the Israeli–Palestinian conflict, by examining the differences in attitudes applied to the Russian and Israeli national teams. This study uses a qualitative comparative case study method by integrating a review of academic literature, analysis of official FIFA documents, and a reading of global geopolitical dynamics to evaluate the consistency of the application of the principles of neutrality, non-discrimination, and governance of international sports organizations. The findings suggest that the imposition of blanket sanctions against Russia, compared to the non-imposition of sanctions against Israel, reflects the inconsistency of FIFA's stance which is more accurately understood as a form of politicized neutrality than as normative discrimination. Furthermore, the findings indicate that FIFA's stance is influenced by external geopolitical pressures, global power configurations, and pragmatic considerations of the organization in maintaining its legitimacy and stability. These findings reveal the limitations of claims of sports neutrality within the framework of global governance and affirm that international sports organizations are not completely autonomous from international dynamics. Thus, this article contributes to international relations and sports governance through the development of an analytical framework on the relationship between normative principles, geopolitical interests, and power structures in FIFA's decision-making process.
Copyright (c) 2025 Muhammad Farkhan Ghifari, Bambang W. Nugroho https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
A Reflection on Gender Role Inequality in Domestic Relations Through Paris Paloma’s Song ‘Labour’: A Fiqh Al-Usrah Perspective
Labor Paris Paloma's work speaks volumes anger Woman to inequality role domestic which becomes reflection real How mark equality the often ignored in life everyday . Through sharp metaphors and lyrics , the song This reflect burden double , manipulation emotional and relationship unequal power in realm public and domestic . This article use approach qualitative descriptive For analyze representation gender inequality in lyrics song labor . Through perspective Fiqh al- Usrah , results analysis show that values patriarchal criticism in song the contradictory with Islamic principles about relation a fair , equal and full family love . In Islam, men and women created from the same element ( nafs ) Wahidah ) and has position equal before Allah SWT . Principle morals justice , deliberation , and relations partnership must mainstreamed in distribution role domestic . With Thus , Fiqh al- Usrah give framework ethics at a time law For overcome practice gender inequality in modern family . This study confirm that work culture popular like song can become a reflective medium at a time criticism social to practice religion and culture that have not been fully in favor of gender justice.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nurizka Hasanah Harahap https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Investment Analysis Upgrading Capacity of Produced Water Treatment System (PWTS) at a Gas Processing Facility
The oil and gas industry plays a strategic role in supporting national energy security. Along with the increase in the age of the production field, there is an increase in the volume of produced water which often exceeds the design capacity of the Produced Water Treatment System (PWTS) at PT XYZ's facilities. This condition interferes with the smooth operation and has the potential to cause danger. This study evaluates investment in PWTS capacity building from technical and economic factors. Technical Risk Assessment uses Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) and Risk Matrix to assess the risk of equipment failure due to capacity limitations. Economic Risk Assessment uses Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA) to evaluate the feasibility of an investment. The integration of the two methods concluded that the optimum capacity of PWTS is 6000 BWPD, resulting in a Net Present Value (NPV) of 84.83 Million USD. Furthermore, the Sensitivity Analysis confirmed the feasibility of the project with a production drop tolerance limit of up to -1.5% per day. This technical, economic, and sensitivity-based analysis is a key component of Risk Management in investment decision-making.
Copyright (c) 2025 I Made Bayu Sukma Firmanjaya, I Ketut Gunarta https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Google Ads Optimization as a Digital Marketing Strategy in Increasing the Competitiveness of Fashion MSMEs
This research aims to develop and validate the Google Ads Optimization Framework for Fashion SMEs (GAOF-FS) as a strategic solution to increase the competitiveness of fashion MSMEs in the digital era. Using a Design Science Research approach with a mixed-method method, this research involved 30 fashion MSMEs in Cirebon through surveys, in-depth interviews, and Focus Group Discussions. The results of the analysis showed that 67.3% of MSMEs experienced limited digital knowledge, 72.8% were constrained by budget, and 81.5% had digital positioning difficulties. Only 3.3% of MSMEs are actively using Google Ads. The GAOF-FS framework developed consists of four integrated modules: (1) Strategic Planning Module with components of ecosystem analysis, competitor mapping, and campaign objective determination; (2) The Campaign Design Module includes a keyword research framework, ad copywriting template, and landing page optimization; (3) Budget Management Module with dynamic allocation model and ROI calculator; (4) Performance Monitoring Module with dashboard analytics and GAPS metrics. Expert validation shows an approval rate of 87.5% for relevance, 85.0% for technical feasibility, 90.0% for user-friendliness, and 88.8% for potential impact. User validation (MSMEs) resulted in a usability score of 4.23/5, perceived usefulness 4.47/5, ease of use 4.15/5, and intention to use 4.38/5. This framework provides academic contributions in the form of adaptive models based on local contexts and practical contributions in the form of operational guidelines that are applicable to MSMEs with limited digital literacy.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ikhsan Nendi, Abdullah Abdullah, Arif Maulana https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Legal Certainty for Holders of Land Documents Other Than Certificates in Relation to Electronic Land Certificates
In the era of globalization and digitalization, land registration in Indonesia has undergone significant transformation through the implementation of electronic certificates. This research aims to examine the legal certainty for holders of land documents other than certificates in relation to electronic land certificates under the Regulation of the Minister of ATR/BPN Number 3 of 2023. The research method used is normative juridical, focusing on the analysis of legislation and jurisprudence. The results indicate that although electronic certificates provide security guarantees and ease of access, land rights holders using traditional documents like Letter C, Girik, and Petuk D still face challenges regarding legal certainty. Failure to register land within the specified timeframe may result in these documents not being recognized as valid proof of ownership. Therefore, communities still using conventional documents are urged to promptly register and convert these documents into Certificate of Ownership (SHM) to obtain stronger legal protection. This research also recommends enhancing socialization and literacy regarding the importance of land ownership documents in the form of certificates. In this regard, electronic certificates can facilitate the land registration process to support legitimate ownership and reduce disputes in the land sector.
Copyright (c) 2025 Sarah Parmashta Kristiawan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Integration of the Marketplace-Based Locality Application, Literacy, and Gamification to Optimize Generation Z’s Role in the Agro-Industrial Sector for Economic Sustainability
This study aims to determine the level of product acceptance, including perceptions of the LOCALITY application in terms of perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and increased knowledge/awareness of technology use and sustainability, as well as the effectiveness of LOCALITY in improving Generation Z's understanding of agroindustry and sustainable economics. This research represents an effort to accommodate agro-industry actors and foster regeneration in the agro sector through the integration of the LOCALITY platform—based on marketplaces, digital literacy, and gamification. This study employs a research and development model, a method used to design and test the effectiveness of a product. The research was conducted at the Faculty of Economics, Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha, using a survey method and sample testing with 75 student respondents, whose effectiveness was then evaluated using a paired sample t-test. The results showed that respondents rated product acceptance levels very highly, including perceptions of LOCALITY, with total averages for each statement above 86.40. Furthermore, respondents' understanding of agroindustry and sustainable economics increased from an average of 69.32 to 92.53. The Sig. (2-tailed) value in the paired sample t-test was 0.000 (< 0.05), indicating a significant difference in outcomes following use of the LOCALITY application.
Copyright (c) 2025 Komang Laura, Rikky Rundu Padang, Putu Dhanu Driya https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
In-vitro Study on the Effectiveness of Coconut Shell Liquid Smoke Gel on Cleaning Smear Layer and Debris in Root Canal Treatment
Smear layer and debris are major challenges in successful root canal treatment because they obstruct dentinal tubules and reduce penetration of irrigants and intracanal medicaments. Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) 5.25% is used; however, it has limited smear-layer removal and may induce cytotoxic effects on periapical tissues. Coconut shell liquid smoke (CS-LS) contains phenolic compounds, carbonyls, and organic acids with antibacterial and chelating properties, indicating potential as an irrigant. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of CS-LS gel in removing smear layer and debris in the apical third of the root canal. This experimental study employed a post-test-only control-group design. Twenty-four single-rooted premolars were randomly allocated into four groups (n=6): 5.25% NaOCl, saline solution, CS-LS gel, and 100% CS-LS. Root canal preparation was performed up to a #25 K-file, followed by irrigation according to the assigned treatment. Specimens were examined using scanning electron microscopy at 5000× magnification. Smear layer and debris were assessed using Hülsmann’s scoring system. Statistical analysis using the Kruskal–Wallis test showed significant differences among groups for smear layer and debris scores (p=0.001). The CS-LS gel and CS-LS demonstrated lower smear layer and debris scores (1.50 ± 0.548 and 2.00±0.632) (1.83±0.408; and 2.00±0.632) than 5.25% NaOCl (4.00 ± 0.632 and 4.50 ± 0.548) and saline (3.25 ± 0.957 and 3.50 ± 0.577). Mann–Whitney analysis showed significantly lower scores for CS-LS gel compared with NaOCl 5.25% and saline (p<0.05). CS-LS gel was effective in cleaning the smear layer and debris in the apical third of the root canal
Copyright (c) 2025 Linda Novelgia Setiawan, Roselyn Avrillia, Tresnandya Pradipta https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Study of The Relationship Between Telecommunication Infrastructure and Gross Domestic Product In Indonesia
Telecommunication infrastructure has a crucial role in driving the growth of a country's Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Telecommunications infrastructure can improve operational efficiency in various sectors of the economy, such as trade and services, which utilize information and communication technologies. This study aims to analyze the relationship between telecommunication infrastructure and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in Indonesia. The data used in this study are annual secondary data derived from the World Development Indicators for the period 2000 to 2023. The analysis tool used is multiple linear regression to analyze the relationship between telecommunication infrastructure and Gross Domestic Product in Indonesia. The results of the study show that the simultaneous influence of the internet and telephone telecommunication infrastructure on Gross Domestic Product is positive and significant. The test results also show that internet telecommunication infrastructure has a positive and significant effect on Gross Domestic Product, while telephone telecommunication infrastructure has a negative and significant effect. This research provides important insights for policymakers in formulating telecommunication infrastructure development strategies to increase Gross Domestic Product in Indonesia.
Copyright (c) 2025 Gregorius Numan Sungkalang, Josephine Wuri, Laurentius Bambang Harnoto, Yuliana Rini Hardanti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Role of Shared Leadership and Team Cohesion in Shaping the Effectiveness of Multidisciplinary Research Teams in Indonesia
Cross-disciplinary scientific collaboration and expertise continue to be encouraged to increase the productivity of higher-quality research and produce reputable scientific publications. This effort is important considering that collaboration and research output are still among the benchmarks of scientific progress in Indonesia; until now, they are considered not to have reached an optimal level. One of the efforts to improve the quality and productivity of research is through the formation of an effective research team. This study aims to analyze the determinants of team effectiveness formation, consisting of shared leadership and team cohesion. The study used a quantitative approach involving 240 research respondents from various research teams in universities and research institutions in Indonesia. The research model was developed through three main theories: Human Resource Management and Group Dynamics as grand theories; Organizational Behavior as a middle theory; and the IPO Framework as an applied theory. The results of the analysis using PLS-SEM show that team cohesion has a direct, positive, and significant influence on team effectiveness, while shared leadership has a positive and significant influence on team effectiveness both directly and indirectly through team cohesion. Team cohesion has proven to be a positive mediator and has a significant influence in bridging the effect of shared leadership on team effectiveness. This means that shared leadership can increase team effectiveness if all team members are cohesive.
Copyright (c) 2025 Rani Intan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Relationship between Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (EF) and Depression Status, psychopathological status and coping mechanism in Heart Failure Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study in Malang, Indonesia
This cross-sectional study examined the relationship between Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF) and depression status, psychopathological symptoms, and coping mechanisms among 342 heart failure (HF) patients treated at Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Malang. Depression and anxiety were measured using the Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), while coping mechanisms were categorized into problem-focused, emotion-focused, cognitive-focused, and maladaptive styles. The prevalence of depression was 42.4%, and anxiety was 52.6%, indicating a substantial psychological burden in this population. Bivariate analysis showed no significant difference in mean LVEF between depressed and non-depressed patients, suggesting that LVEF is not an independent predictor of depression. In contrast, NYHA Functional Class demonstrated a strong and significant association with depression, with higher classes indicating increased risk. Maladaptive coping emerged as the most common coping strategy (48.3%), particularly among individuals with low socioeconomic and educational levels, who also exhibited significantly higher rates of depression and anxiety. These findings highlight that subjective functional limitations and psychosocial vulnerabilities have greater influence on depression than objective cardiac function. The study underscores the importance of integrating routine psychological screening, coping-skills interventions, and tailored psychosocial support into HF management to improve patient outcomes.
Copyright (c) 2025 Astrid Pramudya, M. Rizki Fadlan, Yusuf Arifin, M. Saifur Rohman https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Integration of Security Architecture and Green Information Technology in the Implementation of Nextcloud in a Data Center
As digital infrastructure continues to expand, institutions are increasingly seeking data storage solutions that are both secure and energy efficient. This study presents the implementation of Nextcloud in a controlled data center environment, combining cybersecurity principles with Green IT strategies. The system was built on Linux Mint using Snap, and configured for public access via dynamic IP and custom port forwarding. Security was assessed through port scanning, firewall configuration, and evaluation using the KAMI Index. Energy consumption was measured with a digital wattmeter and monitored in real time using system tools. The results showed a 22 point improvement in security score and a 26.7% reduction in power usage. These findings suggest that integrating Zero Trust Architecture with energy saving practices can significantly enhance system reliability and sustainability. The proposed model offers a practical reference for institutions aiming to deploy secure, self-hosted cloud services with minimal environmental impact.
Copyright (c) 2025 Tio Pambudi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Influence of Green Skepticism on Purchase Intention in Fast Fashion in Indonesia: The Role of Brand Loyalty as a Moderator
The fast fashion industry in Indonesia is rapidly growing but faces significant challenges related to environmental impacts and greenwashing, which lead to consumer skepticism about environmental claims. This research examines the influence of green skepticism on purchase intention for fast fashion products and explores the role of brand loyalty as a moderating variable in this relationship. A quantitative approach was used, with a survey design involving 385 fast fashion consumers in Indonesia, aged 18-45, selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected via an online questionnaire using a 5-point Likert scale and analyzed with Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) in SmartPLS 4.0. The results indicate that green skepticism has a significant negative effect on purchase intention (?=-0.347; t=8.924; p<0.001), meaning higher skepticism leads to lower purchase intentions. Brand loyalty was found to significantly moderate this relationship (?=0.285; t=6.173; p<0.001), with brand loyalty weakening the negative effect of skepticism. This model explains 68.4% of the variance in purchase intention, demonstrating good predictive strength. The findings suggest that greenwashing practices can backfire in an era of heightened environmental awareness, but strong brand loyalty can mitigate this negative impact. The study emphasizes the importance of authenticity and transparency in environmental communication. Fast fashion brands must build credibility through independent certification, transparent supply chains, and consistent practices. Additionally, developing and maintaining brand loyalty through product quality and effective loyalty programs is crucial to overcoming skepticism toward green claims in the fast fashion industry.
Copyright (c) 2025 Aldi Mahardika Lexmana, Ismail Fikri, Vania Utami Putri, Anisa Larasati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Effect of Government Support on The Purchase Intention of Electric Vehicles
This study examines the influence of psychological factors and government support on consumers' purchase intention toward electric vehicles (EVs) in the Greater Jakarta (Jabodetabek) area by employing an extended Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) framework. The model investigates the effects of emotional value, attitude toward EVs, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control (PBC), and the moderating role of government support. A quantitative survey method was applied to 291 potential EV consumers aged 18 years and above, residing in Jabodetabek. Data were collected through an online Likert-scale questionnaire and analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with SmartPLS 4. The findings indicate that emotional value has a significant positive effect on attitude toward EVs, and both attitude and subjective norm significantly enhance purchase intention. Attitude is also found to significantly mediate the relationship between emotional value and purchase intention. Conversely, PBC does not exhibit a significant effect on purchase intention. Moreover, government support does not moderate the relationships between attitude or subjective norm and purchase intention, and only shows a weak, negative moderating effect on the relationship between PBC and purchase intention. Overall, the results suggest that EV purchase intention in Jabodetabek is driven more strongly by emotional and normative factors than by perceived behavioral control or perceived government support.
Copyright (c) 2025 Diah Wulandari, Albert Sugiaanto, Rani Rahputri, Julbintor Kembaren, Iman Permana https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Public Service Transformation Strategy Through the Digital Platform of Surabaya Library Data Bank (BANPUSBOYO)
The demand to reconstruct the image and function of public libraries in the digital age has driven the emergence of transformative initiatives. This descriptive qualitative research aims to analyze the implementation of the Surabaya Library Data Bank (BANPUSBOYO) application by the Surabaya City Library and Archives Office as a strategy to change the service paradigm. By focusing on the internal perspective of organizers, this study reveals how digital innovation is constructed, mobilized, and operationalized to go beyond mere instrumental functions and touch the level of paradigmatic change in viewing the relationship between the state and citizens. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews with five key informants, in-depth observations at three service points, as well as analysis of policy documents and performance reports for the 2021-2025 period. The findings of the study show that BANPUSBOYO functions as a boundary object that brings together the logic of conventional bureaucracy with the demands of the digital society. The implementation of this application triggered a philosophical shift from the custodial paradigm to the paradigm of curatorial access to knowledge. However, this transformation faces a tension between innovation ambition and the realities of existing institutional and regulatory capacity. Based on the analysis, the research concludes that the success of the transformation of the public service paradigm depends on the ability to create narrative alignment between digital vision, institutional structure, and regulatory ecosystem. The theoretical implications of this study enrich discussions on public service logic and digital governmentality in the context of developing countries,
Copyright (c) 2025 Gabriela Natali Olivia, Bintoro Wardiyanto, Erna Setijaningrum https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Implementation of Text Mining-Based Linear Programming in Maintenance Scheduling in Power Plant
Weekly maintenance scheduling is an important activity in maintaining the reliability of operating facilities, especially in the Power Plant area in the oil and gas industry sector. This study aims to optimize the maintenance planning and scheduling process by utilizing the text mining approach through Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) modeling to manage and group maintenance data, and integrate it with the Linear Programming (LP) model as the basis for the preparation of an optimal Work Order (WO) Scheduler. The LDA model is used to categorize work based on Fixed Reference Activities (FRA), resulting in a more structured classification of maintenance activities. The output of this category is then an input for the LP model that compiles labor allocation, duration, and work priorities according to the available weekly time limits. Sensitivity analysis was carried out on the parameters of the number of labor, work priority, and length of time horizon with variations of ±10%, ±20%, and ±30%. The results show an increase in the WO completion rate, a reduction in the backlog, and a more accurate understanding of labor utilization. The model has proven to be sensitive to changes in workforce capacity so that human resource management is the dominant factor in the successful implementation of schedulers.
Copyright (c) 2025 Fajri Septia Yazid, Nani Kurniati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Performance Analysis of Polycrystalline and Monocrystalline Solar Modules in Dry-Land Crop Environments of Arachis Hypogaea (Peanut Plants)
The province of Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT) is one of the regions in Indonesia that experiences extended periods of sunlight, lasting up to nine months per year, and possesses a large potential area of dry agricultural land, reaching approximately 3.6 million hectares. Based on these conditions, NTT holds significant potential for the development of agrovoltaic systems. Agrovoltaics is a concept that combines agriculture and solar power generation (PLTS) on the same land, allowing for more efficient land use, where solar panels and crops can mutually benefit each other. The performance of solar panels is highly dependent on solar radiation and ambient temperature. As temperature increases, the output power and efficiency of the panels decrease. Various studies have been conducted to control the temperature effects on solar panel performance, such as applying colored films or blocking films on the panel surface, as well as placing vegetation particularly evapotranspirative plants around the panels to improve cooling and efficiency. This study aims to analyze the effect of the dryland crop Arachis hypogaea L. (peanut), as part of an agrovoltaic system, on the output performance of polycrystalline and monocrystalline solar panels. Both panel types were tested with Arachis hypogaea planted beneath them and compared to identical panels without vegetation. The results showed that placing Arachis hypogaea beneath the panels led to a reduction in panel surface temperature, which in turn resulted in an increase in output voltage both Voc (open-circuit voltage) and Vmp (maximum power voltage) for both monocrystalline and polycrystalline panels.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ade Manu Gah, Julius A. Tanesab, Jefri N. Roga https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
A Comparative Legal Study on the Regulation of Torts in Indonesia and Singapore
This study aims to compare the regulation of unlawful acts in the legal systems of Indonesia and Singapore. Indonesia applies the concept of onrechtmatige daad derived from Dutch civil law and regulated in Articles 1365–1380 of the Civil Code, while Singapore adopts the common law system inherited from England that places torts as the basis of civil liability. This study uses a normative-comparative approach by examining the laws and regulations, doctrines, and court decisions of both countries. The analysis results show fundamental differences related to the elements, scope, and proof of unlawful acts. The Indonesian system provides more room for judicial interpretation by expanding the definition of unlawful acts, while Singapore uses a more structured classification of torts, such as negligence, nuisance, and defamation. The differences in legal systems have implications for legal protection for the community and the effectiveness of civil law enforcement. This research is expected to contribute to the development of comparative legal studies and national civil law reform.
Copyright (c) 2025 Johan Kristian Zebua, Joel Zevanya Paparang, Paolo Gibran Joesoef, Kenzie Samuel Tumondanh Bakara, Rifaldo Aditya https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Effect of Soft Drink Consumption on pH in Stimulated and Unstimulated Saliva
Consuming soda will lower the pH of saliva due to its acid content. This decrease in pH can affect the balance of the oral cavity. Stimulated saliva will have a better buffering capacity than unstimulated saliva. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of soda consumption on the pH of stimulated and unstimulated saliva. This was a quasi-experimental study with a post-test only comparison group. The study population was 166 male and female students of the Dentistry Department at Prima Indonesia University. The sample size was 68 students, divided into two groups: stimulated and unstimulated saliva. The pH was measured using a digital pH meter. Data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test. The results showed that the average pH after soda consumption in the stimulated saliva group was 8.03 ± 0.129 and in the unstimulated saliva group was 5,32±0,304. The sample group that did not consume carbonated drinks had a mean saliva pH of 6.62±0.455. The Mann-Whitney test revealed a significant difference in pH between stimulated and unstimulated saliva after carbonated drinks (p=0.000; p<0.05). The conclusion is that carbonated drinks affect the pH of both stimulated and unstimulated saliva.
Copyright (c) 2025 Fitri Dona Siregar, Vandersun Lestari, Stevi Nencia Purba https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Global Research Trend in Sustainable Tourism Marketing: A Bibliometric Approach
The growing importance of sustainability in the global tourism industry has led to a surge of research exploring how marketing contributes to sustainable destination development. This study aims to analyze the evolution, trends, and emerging themes in sustainable tourism marketing from 2015 to 2025. Using data retrieved from 305 Scopus database, a bibliometric analysis was conducted through performance analysis and science mapping (keyword co-occurrence and bibliographic coupling) using VOSviewer software. The findings reveal a steady growth of publications over the last decade, with major contributions originating from the United Kingdom, Poland, China, and Spain. The most influential journals include Sustainability (Switzerland), Journal of Sustainable Tourism, and Tourism Management Perspectives. Four dominant thematic clusters were identified: environmental and cultural sustainability, marketing and communication strategies, community-based governance, and post-pandemic behavioral adaptation. These findings indicate that sustainable tourism marketing has evolved into an interdisciplinary research domain bridging sustainability, consumer behavior, and destination branding. This study provides an integrated overview of the intellectual structure of sustainable tourism marketing, serving as a reference for academics, policymakers, and practitioners in designing evidence-based and competitive sustainability strategies.
Copyright (c) 2025 Tazkiyah Rizqi Alawi, Lissa Rosdiana Noer https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Equitable Distribution of Nurses: a Concept Analysis Approach
The equitable distribution of nurses is a foundational element of health system equity and effectiveness. Disparities in nurse allocation between urban and rural areas have long been recognized as barriers to achieving universal health coverage and patient-centered care. Despite policy efforts, the concept of equity in nurse distribution often remains undefined and inconsistently applied in practice. This paper applies Walker and Avant’s (2010) concept analysis approach to clarify the meaning, attributes, antecedents, and consequences of equitable distribution of nurses as a central concept in nursing administration and workforce planning. Through theoretical analysis and synthesis of literature, five defining attributes were identified: fairness, accessibility, competence alignment, sustainability, and policy responsiveness. The findings highlight that equitable nurse distribution extends beyond numerical balance, reflecting ethical, structural, and reflective dimensions of the nursing discipline. This conceptual clarity contributes to a stronger theoretical framework for nursing management and supports evidence-based policymaking to ensure justice and quality in healthcare delivery.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nugroho Budi Setiawan, Wiwik Ariati, Satriya Pranata, M. Fatkhul Mubin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analysis of the Compensation System in Indonesia
This article analyzes the wage system in Indonesia by examining its historical development, regulatory framework, and Islamic perspective. Wages are a fundamental right of workers that function not only as compensation but also carry social, economic, and legal dimensions. The history of wages in Indonesia reflects a long journey from the discriminatory practices of the colonial era to the introduction of minimum wage policies in the 1970s, which have since evolved under recent regulations such as Government Regulation No. 36 of 2021. This study employs a qualitative approach using library research from academic literature, legal frameworks, and expert opinions. The findings show that Indonesia applies various wage systems, including time-based, output-based, and contract-based systems, all of which emphasize fairness, certainty, and the protection of workers' rights. Factors influencing wage determination include labor supply and demand, productivity, living costs, labor unions, company capacity, and government regulation. Nevertheless, challenges remain, such as the wage gap between formal and informal sectors, weak enforcement of regulations, and the insufficiency of minimum wages to meet decent living standards. From an Islamic perspective, wages are seen as a moral obligation that must be delivered fairly, promptly, and with respect for workers' dignity. Therefore, a balance between government regulation, business capacity, and workers' rights is essential to create harmonious industrial relations and ensure shared prosperity.
Copyright (c) 2025 Riski Ramadani, Edi Marjan Nasution, Mhd. Ariel Zumaedi, Indah Wahyuni Pulungan, Nabila Riski Nst https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Srategic Implementation of Sustainable Marketing to Strengthen Brand Image and Customer Loyalty: A Case Study of Garasi Drift
This research examines strategic implementation of sustainable marketing to enhance the brand image and customer loyalty to increase the customer loyalty of Garasi Drift automotive lifestyle brand in Indonesia. As the company continues to grow from simply producing content to a multi-division company, selling merchandise and motorsport, it is becoming more important to have a clear and long-term sustainable marketing plan. The research considers a basic problem: What marketing strategy for Garasi Drift is sustainable and how best can it be implemented effectively to strengthen the long-term competitive advantages, customer involvement and differentiation of the brand in an automotive lifestyle automobile sector? The context of this study highlights the rising consumer awareness of sustainability and the shift of automotive lovers toward responsible consumption and the opportunity for digital creators to develop trust-driven and value-oriented brands. This research has a mixed-method approach combining both qualitative and quantitative information obtained from in-depth interviews, customer surveys, internal company information and secondary literature. The research uses the strategic frameworks such as the SWOT analysis, TOWS matrix, and SMART analysis to make strategic recommendations. The results show that sustainable marketing can improve the perception of the brand by ensuring that Garasi Drift's identity is in line with authenticity, creates long-term value, and has an impact on the community. Strategic opportunities come into play with regard to producing environmentally friendly product lines, using educational content to connect with customers, providing an added value in after-sales, and incorporating sustainability into all areas of the business.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ziko Harnadi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Comparative Analysis of the Impact of Declarative and Imperative Programming Approaches on Android Application Performance Through Benchmarking Method
Mobile phones have become essential devices in the digital era, and with Android representing more than 87% of the market share, application performance is a critical factor influencing user retention and business success. Suboptimal performance increases the likelihood of users switching to competing platforms. Accordingly, an in-depth analysis and comparison of available development methods is required to identify the most efficient approach for achieving optimal Android application performance. This study aims to examine the impact of the declarative programming paradigm implemented through Jetpack Compose in comparison with the imperative paradigm using Kotlin-XML on Android application performance. A quantitative method with a benchmarking approach is employed by developing two prototype versions of the IDNFinancials news-portal application to compare and measure the performance of each version. These approaches exhibit distinct characteristics, which should be selected based on development priorities, whether in terms of resource efficiency or the consistency of user experience. The findings of this study are expected to serve as a reference for developers in determining more optimal strategies for implementing Android application interfaces, as well as to contribute to further research on the optimisation of mobile application performance.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nurhadi Nurhadi, Aries Muslim https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Employer Branding Through Social Media: A Competitive Strategy to Attract Generation Z Job Seekers and Strengthen Corporate Reputation
The purpose of this study is to explore Generation Z's perspective on utilizing social media information to apply for jobs via company employer branding. This quantitative study uses Least Square-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with a second-order research model to examine the influence of social media, employer branding, and competitive advantage on the interest in job applications and corporate reputation. Data was collected through a self-administered questionnaire using a 5-point Likert scale, distributed to 211 Generation Z respondents using the Lemeshow approach. Seven hypotheses were tested: (1) social media significantly affects job application interest; (2) employer branding significantly affects job application interest; (3) competitive advantage significantly affects job application interest; (4) job application interest significantly affects corporate reputation; (5) social media significantly affects corporate reputation; (6) employer branding significantly affects corporate reputation; (7) competitive advantage significantly affects corporate reputation. The study’s results indicate that all hypotheses were accepted, except for hypothesis (4). The practical implications include offering companies valuable insights on effectively using social media in employer branding to boost applicant engagement.
Copyright (c) 2025 Mareta Putri Hasyatamma, Dyah Santhi Dewi, Retno Widyaningrum https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0