Polarization and Rationality of Political Choices of the People of Padang City in the 2024 Presidential Election

: The 2024 Presidential Election (Pilpres) in Indonesia, including in West Sumatra and the City of Padang, is a strategic battle, not only in the context of heading towards a Golden Indonesia in 2045 but taking place in a unique configuration and axis of political power and ideology and development ideology, namely between the political ideology of Islamism with Nationalism, and between the development ideology "Change" (01) and the axis of development ideology "Continue" (Jokowisme). Even in the electoral districts of West Sumatra province and Padang City where Jokowi lost badly in the 2014 presidential election with a score of 23.1% vs. 76.9% (Prabowo), and in the 2019 presidential election he lost again absolutely with a vote share of only 14.05% vs. 85.95% (Prabowo), in fact in the 2024 presidential election Pabowo (02) experienced defeat, and was won by the pair Anis-Amin (01) (28.18%), Prabowo-Gibran (02) (16.56%), and Ganjar-Mahfud (1.87%). This research uses a quantitative approach and survey methods, a population of 666,178 and a sample of 5362 spread across 2681 polling stations, with random sampling techniques and questionnaire instruments, and percentage and correlational data analysis techniques assisted by SPSS version 20, so in accordance with the objectives, the findings are that: 1). The political attitudes of rationality are less strong (55.4) and 15.3% are irrational, while those with strong rational potential are 70%, and the not strong rational category is 30%. 2). Primordial political attitudes are sufficient to determine political choices in the 2024 presidential election with a coefficient of 0.275 (weak). 3). There is a significant relationship between people's pragmatic political attitudes in determining their political choices. 4). The emotional political attitude of the people of Padang City in determining political choices in the 2024 presidential election has a significant relationship with a coefficient of 0.290 (weak).


INTRODUCTION
The Presidential Election took place on Wednesday, February 14, 2024.Meanwhile, in the Big Indonesian Dictionary (KBBI), the word "rational" is based on thoughts and considerations.
which is logical, according to a healthy mind, and in accordance with reason. 5 Thus it can be concluded that the word "rationality" contains the meaning of something based on a logical or reasonable assessment or consideration.
The thing in question can be in the form of thoughts or ideas, considerations, decisions or deeds or actions.According to Max Weber, he was the expert who first created the theory of rationality.
According to him, human rationality is divided into two types, namely objective rationality and value rationality. 6art from "rationality" and "rational", the term "rationalization" is also known, which according to the KBBI is defined as: a) the process, method, action of making it rational; process, method, act of rationalizing (something that may have previously been irrational).b) processes, methods, actions that are rational (according to the ratio) or make the ratio appropriate (good).So the word "rationalization" can be interpreted as carrying out rationalization, explains that voting behavior) can be discussed from a sociological approach, a psychological approach, and a rational approach.This understanding can be seen from the reasoning or discussion of analysts or political scientists who reveal that the portion of rational voters -with critical, objective, between voters and those they choose, so that the higher the degree of similarity between voters and the candidates they choose, the stronger the tendency of voters to make their choice.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Here the research results and This is based on the General Election Commission (KPU) Decree Number 1644 of 2023 concerning Determining the Serial M. Nursi | 1530 Number of Candidate Pairs for the 2024 Presidential Election, namely the Anies Baswedan-Muhaimin Iskandar pair serial number 01 (Nu .01),Prabowo Subianto-Gibran Rakabuming Raka serial number (Nu.02), and the Ganjar Pranowo-Mahfud MD pair with serial number 03 (Nu.03).The moment of the 2024 Presidential Election not only has strategic value for political and constitutional democracy but will also determine national leadership which will determine the success of Golden Indonesia in 2045 as the country ranked 5th in GDP in the world.For this reason, the Presidential Election (Pilpres) has a significant role in contributing to the projected achievement of a Golden Indonesia.The strategic starting point for Indonesia's future is determined by the political intelligence of society in determining the current leaders of the Indonesian nation and state through the 2024 presidential election.Does society have and be able to use intelligent, unique and strategic with more complex specifications compared to previous presidential elections.Because in the 2024 Presidential Election, the power struggle that will occur will not only sharpen the ideological polarization of Islamism versus Nationalism but will also combine with the polarization of the forces of "new change" (which is promoted by pair No. 1: Anis-Muhaimin) with the forces of "New-Jokowism" as incumbent representation (by pair No. 2: Prabowo-Gibran and pair No. 3: Ganjar-Mahfud MD).The three pairs of presidential and vice presidential candidates clearly have their own characteristics, political power, reputation, popularity, image, personality and political track record which are relatively different from each other.Not only that, in public assessment, each partner even has different competencies, levels of trust and integrity, as well as development ideology values and public expectations amidst the complexity of national, state and societal problems currently being faced.This means that there are complex dimensions of values that must be considered for each pair, both the presidential candidate and the vice presidential figure, by voters in general and by the public in particular.In the 2024 Presidential Election constellation, whether we realize it or not, there has been quite a sharp polarization of political attitudes or behavior in society, apart from being influenced by differences and conflicting political ideologies but also triggered by the strengthening of conflicting development ideologies as seen in the direction and development programs promoted by each of them.each pair.In this case, basically it can be divided into two categories, namely the 1531| Polarization and Rationality of Political Choices of the People of Padang City in the 2024 Presidential Election ideology of Islamism and the "change program" in one camp as promoted by the Anis-Amin pair (Nu.01) and the ideology of Nationalism and "continue Jokowi's program" in the other camp as promoted by the Prabowo-Gibran Nu.02 pair and the Ganjar-Mahfud Nu pair.03.What further sharpens the polarization of political , situational, futuristic indicators -in Indonesia is still relatively small and is currently in dynamics and turbulence of the transition from primordial and patrimonial voting behavior to voting behavior based on rational preferences.16The formation of political preferences themselves can be categorized into various scopes, namely intellectual-based preferences, emotional-based preferences, collegial-based preferences, and so on.These three forms of preference then lead to an attitude of rationality in choosing.This tendency to focus on a rational attitude is a reflection of a society that is economically established but whose political choices are uncertain. 17(Jati).Whatever the voter's preferences, what can be ensured is that the voters decide or make their choice based on the antithesis of the dialectical results of the correct political views or values they believe in.Newcomb and Byrne (in Firmanzah, 2012:99) 18 emphasize that to analyze choices or interests, similarity and attraction models can be used.This model emphasizes that voters' interest in candidates is caused by the similarity of value or belief systems discussion are carried out in an integrated manner, to obtain a complete and integrated understanding for each of the following discussion points: 2. People's Calculative Rationality in Political Choices in the 2024 Presidential Election People's Political Choices in the 2024 Presidential Election Specifically, to determine the degree of sharpness of polarization, the principle of Brewster's Law with meaning conversion is used: the more balanced the strength (symbolized by %) between the pros and cons, the sharper the polarization.On the other hand, the more unbalanced the pros and cons are, the weaker the polarization, with the modification of the formula: Fn (% 1537| Polarization and Rationality of Political Choices of the People of Padang City in the 2024 Presidential Election small): FN (% large) *(100) =P (degree of polarization sharpness).

Primordialism1539|
figure and/or Presidential Candidate (Capres) and Vice Presidential Candidate (Cawapres) (X1) with the attitude or voting behavior of the community in the 2024 Presidential Election (Y).Meanwhile, the Correlations value of 0.275 is included in the weak relationship category.

From1541|
the SPSS analysis it was obtained: rtable = df (95-2, 0.05) = 0.202, calculated r = 0.139, and rtable = 0.202.Because 0.139 < 0.202.This means that there is no relationship between variables X2 and Y. Then the significance value 1541| Polarization and Rationality of Political Choices of the People of Padang City in the 2024 Presidential Election obtained (2-tailed) is 0.180, so 0.180 > 0.05, meaning that there is no significant relationship between variables X2 and Y. On this basis, it can be concluded that there is no significant relationship between the pragmatic political attitude of the community (X2) and the political attitudes/behavior or political choices of the people of Padang City in the 2024 presidential election (Y).The analysis in Table 3 above which shows "no relationship" also strengthens the indication that the political attitude of the people of Padang City in determining their political choices in the 2024 presidential election, namely the tendency to win Anis-Amin (Nu.01).society towards the presidential candidate who is chosen or won.This also means that the strong consistency of perception and attitude dominates the information and reporting in the mass media or social media which puts the government and/or President Jokowi in a bad light.Polarization and Rationality of Political Choices of the People of Padang City in the 2024 Presidential Election

4 .
can be concluded that there is a positive and significant relationship between the emotional political attitudes of the people of Padang City in the 2024 Presidential Election (X3) and their attitudes or behavior in determining their political choices in the 2024 Presidential Election (Y).Meanwhile, the Correlations value of 0.290 is included in the weak relationship category.Based on the description and analysis of data in Table 4 above, it can be seen that the pattern or type of emotional political attitude of the people of Padang City towards the figure of the Presidential/Vice Presidential Candidate in the 2024 Presidential Election has a positive and significant relationship (but weak: 0.290) with voting behavior in the 2024 Presidential Election.This indication shows that there is a network of relationships that is in harmony or parallel with the two political attitudes of society; first stance with the second on top.Again, this strengthens the alignment of the characteristics of people's political attitudes with the figure of the presidential candidate who tends to be dominantly M. Nursi | 1542 chosen/supported in the 2024 presidential election.It can be concluded that there is a positive and significant relationship between the emotionality of people's political attitudes in the 2024 Presidential Election (X3) and their political choicemaking attitudes in the 2024 Presidential Election (Y).Meanwhile, the Correlations value of 0.290 is included in the weak relationship category.Based on the description and analysis of data in Table 4 above, it can be seen that the attitude pattern or type of political attitude of the people of Padang City in the 2024 Presidential Election has a positive and significant relationship (but weak: 0.290) with their voting behavior or political choices in the 2024 Presidential Election.A network of unidirectional psychological relationships between the two political attitudes of society; namely with the first attitude with the second.Once again, this strengthens the synchronization of preferred attitudes and/or political support in the 2024 presidential election with the basis of political considerations or preferences used in the 2024 presidential election.The formation of a positive relationship between these two political attitudes, namely between the four political considerations or preferences of society and political choices in the 2024 presidential election, is a very logical consequence.In the sense that it is impossible between the two there is absolutely no connection between cognitive and psychological memorials, primordialism and personal sentiment.So, according to the level of memorials stored, that is also the magnitude or degree of relationship between people's political attitudes towards the figure of the presidential/cawapres candidate they choose. 27CONCLUSION Based on data analysis, the results of this research can be partially concluded as follows: 1.The rational political attitude of the people of Padang City in determining their political choices in the 2024 presidential election is in the not very strong category is 55.4%, and those in the irrational category are very weak, namely 15.3%.However, latent/potentially rational is strong (70%), and irrational is weak (30%).2. There is a positive relationship between the primordial political attitudes of the people of Padang City in determining their political choices in the 2024 presidential election, but the relationship is weak, namely 0.275.3.There is no significant relationship between the pragmatic political attitudes of the people of Padang City in determining political choices in the 2024 presidential election.The emotional political attitude of the people of Padang City in determining their political choice or the presidential candidate they support in the 2024 presidential election has a significant 1543| Polarization and Rationality of Political Choices of the People of Padang City in the 2024 Presidential Election relationship with their attitude/behavior or political choice in the 2024 presidential election, namely with a relationship coefficient of 0.290 (weak).

Table 1 :
Rationality of People's Political

Table 4 : Relationship between people's emotional attitudes and political choices in the 2024 presidential election Listwise
N=5362Source: Primary Data processed with SPSS 20From the SPSS analysis, it is obtained: r table = df (95-2, 0.05) = 0.202, and calculated r = 0.290 with r table=