JRSSEM 2023, Vol. 02 No. 8, 1734 – 1745

E-ISSN: 2807 - 6311, P-ISSN: 2807 - 6494

DOI : 10.36418/jrssem.v2i08.395 https://jrssem.publikasiindonesia.id/index.php/jrssem/index

ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN OF BUSINESS PROCESSES

FOR COMMUNITY EMPOWERMENT AND FLEXIBILITY

BASED ON PRESIDENTIAL REGULATION NUMBER 132

OF 2022

Farida

Gerry Firmansyah

1.2

Faculty of Computer Science, Esa Unggul University Jakarta, Indonesia

e-mail: faridadby@student.esaunggul.ac.id, gerry@esaunggul.ac.id

*Correspondence: faridadby@student.esaunggul.ac.id

Submitted

: March 07

2023

Revised

: March 16

2023

Accepted

: March 25

2023

Abstract: The development of information technology in daily life is very rapid so it can increase

the productivity of an individual or organization. The Government Sector also utilizes information

technology to increase the provision of effective and efficient public services. Likewise the

Government of Indonesia, 2018 issued Presidential Regulation No. 95 of 2018 concerning

Electronic-Based Government Systems (SPBE) as a guideline for governance that utilizes

information and communication technology to provide quality public services. SPBE evaluation and

monitoring are carried out by the Ministry of State Apparatus Empowerment and Bureaucratic

Reform (KemenPANRB) in every government agency in Indonesia. In 2020 the results of the SPBE

evaluation at the Tangerang City Government obtained a score of 3.44 with a good index. For this

reason, this research focuses on improving SPBE governance which includes the standardization

and integration of SPBE business processes for the Tangerang City Government. This research

provides a solution in the form of an SPBE enterprise architecture design in the business process

domain according to the SPBE architecture. Several phases are used, namely the preliminary phase,

architecture vision, and business process architecture. The main phase of this design is the business

process architecture which produces level 0 business process maps, level 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 business

process maps, and cross-functional maps as standardization of SPBE business processes according

to PermenPANRB No. 19 of 2018.

Keywords: Business Process Architecture; Enterprise Architecture; Tangerang City; SPBE.

Farida

Gerry Firmansyah

| 1735

INTRODUCTION

Based on Tangerang Mayor Regulation

number 83 of 2016 concerning the

position, organizational structure, duties

and functions, and work procedures of the

village, in article 3 the Ward has the task of

assisting or carrying out some of the duties

of the Sub-District in carrying out

governance, economic and development,

and community affairs within the scope of

the village by the vision and mission of the

Mayor as described in the Regional

Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMD).

The implementation of information

systems and technology plays a very

important role in the framework of public

services that are quick easy, fast, and

efficient necessary for the sustainability of

sustainable development. In line with the

actualization of the vision and mission, as

an elaboration of the Tangerang City

RPJMD for 2019-2023, the alignment

between the Tangerang City RPJMD and

the Batuceper District Change Strategic

Plan for 2019-2023. The goals and

objectives of Batuceper District in 2019-

2023 are, "The realization of good District

Governance".

One of the reform action plans of the

Tangerang City government is Quik Wins

with its priority activities/ sub-activities

including Strengthening the Electronic-

Based Government System (SPBE). The

implementation of the Masterplan-

Government/ SPBE is based on the

implementation policy contained in

Presidential Regulation Number 132 of 20

22 concerning National SPBE Architecture.

To build fast and efficient governance.

Therefore, an SPBE architecture is needed

as a guideline in building and harmonizing

the system in each government agency,

both central and regional.

In its implementation, Tangerang City

has implemented a policy with the issuance

of Mayor's Decree number: 591.2 /

Kep.471-Bag.Orgaisasi / 2022 as an

amendment to Mayor's Decree number:

591.2 / Kep.93-Bag.Org/ 2022 concerning

Business Process Maps. This is necessary

because of the change in Perda No.3/2019

to Perda No.5/2021 ttg RPJMD for 2019-

2023. However, the Mayor's Decree

(Kepwal) only describes the business

process maps up to level 2. In this study,

making a business process map that can

touch up to the village level, by taking the

example of the Community Empowerment

and Ward program.

In the implementation of development

carried out in Tangerang City, there is often

repeated work related to data collection

and proposed maintenance activities for

facilities and infrastructure at the village

level. For this reason, with the business

process map up to the village level, to make

it clearer, the business process map and

cross-functional maps can be integrated

according to the RPJMD in Tangerang City.

Currently, data on existing facilities

and infrastructure in the region always uses

data that requires repeated data

verification and validation due to the

absence of a database that can be a

reference material that is integrated with

the Tangerang City Public Works and

Spatial Planning Office (PUPR). Through

the clear architectural mapping of business

processes, it will facilitate the discovery of

1736 | Architectural Design of Business Processes For Community Empowerment And Flexibility

Based on Presidential Regulation Number 132 Of 2022

data again whose data is clear and

accountable.

This research is to identify

development and interoperability targets in

each area, namely designing the

architecture to be formed, complementing

the vision, mission, and objectives of the

Tangerang City Government, especially the

Porisgaga Baru sub-district of Batuceper,

Tangerang City, as well as the Architectural

Business to explain the flow of business

processes in Tangerang City, especially in

the Community Empowerment and Ward

programs. This business architecture is

produced starting from the stage of

mapping business processes level 0, level 1,

2,3, and 4 and cross-functional maps on

public works government affairs.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

The research method used in this study

starts from the data collection stage,

namely by conducting interviews and

interviews with Tangerang City government

agencies, in addition to the Organization

Section of the Tangerang City Regional

Secretariat as well as Batuceper District,

Tangerang City, and the Porisgaga Baru

Village Office as research objects. Then

create architectural design and business

process design.

The SPBE Pemerintah Regional

architecture is prepared for a period of 5

(five) years guided by the National SPBE

Architecture and the RPJMD. Architectural

references describe the das an r component

that is used as a reference for the

compilation of each architectural domain.

While the architectural domain describes

the substance of the architecture that

contains one of them the business process

architecture domain. Based on Presidential

Regulation 95 of 2018 concerning SPBE, the

"SPBE Master Plan" has been distinguished

from the "SPBE Architecture" (previously in

the Minister of Communication and

Informatics No. 41 of 2017 the concept of

the ICT Master Plan also contains

Architecture).

The SPBE architecture, which is an

application of Enterprise Architecture, is a

basic framework for describing the

integration of business processes, data and

information, SPBE services, SPBE

applications, SPBE infrastructure, and SPBE

security to produce integrated government

services.

In Prepress number 132 of 2022, each

SPBE Architecture contains 2 (two)

components, namely:

1. Architectural references, describe the

basic components of the standard

architecture and can be used as a

reference for the compilation of each

architectural domain.

2. Domain architecture, which describes

the substance of the architecture that

contains the domain of business process

architecture, the domain of data and

information architecture, the domain of

the SPBE infrastructure architecture, the

domain of the SPBE application

architecture, the domain of the SPBE

security architecture, and the domain of

the SPBE service architecture.

The relationship between all SPBE

Farida

Gerry Firmansyah

| 1737

Architecture References and all SPBE

Architecture Domains and Architectures

within the SPBE framework is shown in the

following figure:

Figure 1. Inter-Component Linkages in SPBE Architecture (Prepres number 132 of 2022)

Figure 2.

The SPBE

Architecture Framework within the SPBE Framework

(Prepres number 132 of 2022)

In the domain of government business

process architecture, classified into levels

of business process architecture reference

structure consists of 4 (four) levels, namely

the government sector as level 1 (first)

which becomes a structure at the national

level, government affairs as level 2

(second), government functions as level 3

(third) defined by local governments by the

duties and functions and authorities

related to the national level (Central

Agencies), The Government Sub-Function

describes in more detail the function of

government as level 4 (fourth) which

defines the data and information

generated and the integrated services to

be built as part of the national digital

service.

Here's Figure 2.3 of the

interrelationships of business process

architecture structures in the SPBE

Architecture framework:

Figure 3. Linkage of business process architecture structure in the SPBE Architecture

framework (Prepres number 132 of 2022)

The domain of business process architecture consists of a wide variety of

1738 | Architectural Design of Business Processes For Community Empowerment And Flexibility

Based on Presidential Regulation Number 132 Of 2022

government business processes that will

generate a wide variety of data and

information and will define government

services, which are directly related to the

SPBE service domain and the data and

information domain. Thus, other

information related to government affairs

can be related, such as applications or

supporting infrastructure, or data and

information needed or generated in the

implementation of government affairs.

Figure 4.

Direct relationships in Business Process Domains

(Prepres number 132 of

2022)

To make an efficient alignment of an

organization with the wants and needs of

the organization using Bussiness Process

Modelling Notation (BPMN). BPMN,

describing a business program that is

based on flowchart techniques, is

assembled to create graphical models of

business operations with activities and flow

controls that define the sequence of work.

In business processes, it can be said to be

BPMN (Bussiness Process Modelling

Notation) which can be compiled in the

form of a diagram used to represent a

sequence of activities implicitly focusing

on a process, action, and activity.

The first step of the study is the data

collection stage. At this stage, it aims to

explain research data collection techniques

for the design of EA SPBE. The data

collection techniques used are interviews

and literature studies. The initial step at this

stage is the introduction of the object of

study and the introduction of the concept

of SPBE. Furthermore, conduct interviews

with speakers from the Tangerang City

Government to obtain the data needed

and to find out the existing conditions of

the Tangerang City Government. The next

step is to conduct a literature study by

studying several regulatory documents

related to SPBE and business processes,

namely Presidential Regulation Number 95

of 2018, RPJMD of 2019-2023,

PermenPANRB Number 19 of 2018, and

studying scientific journals relevant to EA

SPBE. The second stage in the study is the

identification and design stage.

The implementation of the

development and preparation of the vision,

mission, and priority programs of the

Mayor and/or RPJMD of Tangerang City is

guided by the RPJPD of Banten Province.

RPJMD is an elaboration of the vision and

mission of regional heads during the 5

years, namely the period 2005-2008, 2009-

2013, 2014-2018, 2019-2023, and 2024-

2025.

The preparation of the Business

Process Architecture is carried out by

conducting an inventory and defining

business processes according to the

organizational structure of the work order

Farida

Gerry Firmansyah

| 1739

(SOTK), then completing the attributes of

business process metadata, classifying

business processes based on business

process architecture references (levels 1, 2,

and 3). In this case, reference to the

business process architecture level 4 (sub-

function) and level 5 of the activities of the

regional device work program are

proposed. Next is an inventory of diagrams

(artifacts) of business processes that have

been mapped.

A level 0 business process map is a

Business Process Map that contains the

entire business process of a government

agency which is a direct derivative of the

vision, mission, and objectives in the

strategic plan document. A level 1 business

process map is a more detailed overview of

a level 0 business process map, which can

be identified from the government's

strategic goals or objectives for the

regional development program. While the

relationship and cross-function map serves

to illustrate the series of work across units

on the level 2 business process map, in

more detail it is depicted on the level 3, 4,

and 5 business process maps, so that it can

be known from the work activities of each

regional development program up to the

lowest level of sub-districts and sub-

districts.

The final stage in the study is the

conclusion drawing stage. This stage aims

to describe the conclusions of the results of

the design of SPBE EA in the business

process domain of the Tangerang City

Government, especially Porisgaga Baru

village which can be used as a guide or

reference for business process development in

subsequent research.

The application of Enterprise

Architecture focuses on Architecture

Bussines, which describes the business

architecture, containing organizational

business strategies and information on key

activities. At this stage, it will explain the

flow of business processes in Porisgaga Baru

village, to suit its duties and functions, so

that it is easy to communicate internally and

externally about business processes to

achieve the vision, mission, and goals and

have knowledge assets that integrate and

document with business processes related

to OPD in Tangerang City. This business

architecture is produced starting from the

stage of mapping business processes level

0, levels 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and cross-functional

maps with examples of discussions on

government affairs in the field of public

works. The mapping is illustrated by

identifying based on strategic goals in the

2019-2023 RPJMD of Tangerang City.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

This business process architecture is

produced starting from the stage of

mapping business process level 0, levels 1,

2, 3, and 4 and cross-functional maps with

examples of case studies depicting the

OpD of Batuceper sub-district at the

Porisgaga Baru sub-district level.

The level 0 business process contains

a description of the entire process to

achieve the vision and mission of the

Tangerang City Government based on the

strategic goals of the RPJMD for 2019-

2023. Using the KT (Tangerang City)

process code.

1740 | Architectural Design of Business Processes For Community Empowerment And Flexibility

Based on Presidential Regulation Number 132 Of 2022

While at level 1 the elaboration is more

detailed than the process at level 0, which

is carried out by each process at level 0.

Level 1 depicts a map of business

processes performed by organizational

units and the connectedness between one

process and another. An explanation of the

process description of the level 1 business

process map for KT.05 of the Tangerang

City government can be seen in table 3.1

below:

Table 1. Description of Business Process Level 1

Business Process Level 0

Business Process Level 1

KT.05

Realizing adequate and competitive city

infrastructure, facilities and facilities

KT.05.11

Community and Village

Empowerment Program

On the KT.05 relation map, there are

more regional linkages, namely the

Regional Secretariat in this case the

Regional Development Planning Agency

has relations with the Housing and

Settlement and Land Service, the Regional

Library and Archives Service, the

Population and Civil Registration Service,

the District and the Regional Disaster

Management Agency. Figure 3.2 shows a

more detailed process of the KT.05 Process

for Community Empowerment and Ward,

in which there is a sub-process, namely

KT.05.11, namely the Community and Ward

Empowerment Program.

Figure 5. Level 1 Business Process Map

Community and Village Empowerment Program

Farida

Gerry Firmansyah

| 1741

Figure 6. Business Process Sub Map

Community and Village Empowerment Program

The next process is a cross-

functional map that depicts interconnected

cross-device work sequences and forms

the work processes of each process at

process level 1. This cross-functional

mapping is identified from the work

activities contained in the priority program

in the process map above as well as the

identification of development priority

programs in 2022. An explanation of the

description of activities from the KT.05.11

function map of the Tangerang City

Government can be seen in Table 3.2 and

Figure 3.3 below:

Table 2. Description of Business Process Level 2

Business Process Level 1

Business Process Level 2

KT.05.1

Community and

Village Empowerment

Program

KT.05.11.

CFM.01

Community Empowerment Activities

in Ward

1742 | Architectural Design of Business Processes For Community Empowerment And Flexibility

Based on Presidential Regulation Number 132 Of 2022

Figure 7. Level 2 Business Process Map

Community Empowerment Activities in Ward

Figure 3.3 shows a more detailed

process of the KT.05 KT.05.11 Process,

namely the Community Empowerment

Program and Ward, which is a cross-

functional map of KT.05.11.CFM.01, namely

Community Empowerment Activities in

Ward.

The level 3 business process map

illustrates the implementation of

Community Empowerment activities in

Ward. While on the level 4 business process

map is the verification and validation process

of the recipients of the Drainage Sakuran

Maintenance Package in Rw.04. On the

level 5 business process map is the process

of how data and information can be stored

and shared with other regional devices,

through an application system that can be

accessed together but in the accountability

of the data is carried out by each relevant

OPD who directly handles the data, in this

case, the Tangerang City PUPR Office.

Table 3. Level 3 Business Process Description

Business Process Level 2

Business Process Level 3

KT.05.1

1.CFM.0

Community Empowerment

Activities in Ward

KT.05.11.

CFM.01.01

Inventory of Data and

Information on Facilities

and Infrastructure

Table 4. Description of Business Process Level 4

Business Process Level 3

Level 4 Business Process

KT.05.11.

CFM.01.01

Inventory of Data and

Information on Facilities and

Infrastructure

KT.05.11.

CFM.01.01.

KT.07.02 CFM.02

Drainage Channel

Maintenance

Package at Rw.04

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Gerry Firmansyah

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Table 5. Level 5 Business Process Description

Business Process Level 5

Information

KT.05.11.

CFM.01.01. KT.07.02 CFM.02

Drainage Channel

Maintenance Package at

Rw.04

Data verification and

validation -

Infrastructure Condition

On the level 5 business process

map, business processes are described by

alignment methods to be efficient using

Bussiness Process Modelling Notation

(BPMN), to describe flowchart techniques,

assembled to create graphical models of

business operations that contain activities

and flow controls that define the work

sequence in the form of diagrams used to

represent the sequence of activities

implicitly focused on a process, actions,

and activities. The depiction of BPMN for

activities related to Community and Village

Empowerment Activities is exemplified

starting from the preparation of the RKA,

preparation of DPA, verification and

validation of data, and monitoring of

physical development can be seen in the

following pictures below:

Figure 7. BPMN Business Process of RKA Preparation

Figure 8. BPMN Business Process of DPA Preparation

1744 | Architectural Design of Business Processes For Community Empowerment And Flexibility

Based on Presidential Regulation Number 132 Of 2022

Figure 9. BPMN Business Process Data Verification and Validation

Figure 10. BPMN Business Process Physical Development Monitoring

CONCLUSIONS

Based on the results of the discussion in this

study, several conclusions can be drawn,

including:

1. Business processes are not optimal in the

use of information systems and

technology, so this study makes an

analysis and design of enterprise

architecture to align business strategies

and SI / IT strategies.

2. The design of a business process

architecture based on Presidential Decree

number 132 of 2022 mapping in this

phase produces a map of business

processes from level 0 to level 5, which

aims to provide guidelines for the

implementation of SPBE Tangerang City

in an integrated manner.

The level 0 business process map,

explains the entire process carried out to

achieve the vision and mission of

Tangerang City. The level 1 business

process map uses an example of depiction

Farida

Gerry Firmansyah

| 1745

through the field of local government

administration and public service of the

main process KT.05. The level 2 business

process map describes in detail the level 1

business processes and a cross-functional

map that illustrates the workflow and

interrelationships of regional devices from

programs in level 1 business processes. The

level 3 business process map illustrates the

implementation of Community

Empowerment activities in Ward. While on

the level 4 business process map is the

process of verifying and validating the

recipients of the Drainage Channel

Maintenance Package in Rw.04. On the level

5 business process map is the process of

how data and information can be stored

and shared with other regional devices,

through Data Inventory and Information of

Facilities and Infrastructure.

REFERENCES

T.O. Group, "Retrieved from The Open Group,"

2011. [Online]. Tersedia:

http://www.opengroup.org/public/arch

/p1/enterprise.htm.

K. S. Roni Yunis, "DESIGNING ENTERPRISE

ARCHITECTURE MODELS WITH TOGAF

ARCHITECTURE DEVELOPMENT

METHOD," National Seminar on

Information Technology Applications

2009 (SNATI 2009), 2009

KemenPANRB, Regulation of the Minister of

State Apparatus Empowerment and

Bureaucratic Reform of the Republic of

Indonesia Number 19 of 2018

concerning the Preparation of Business

Process Maps of Government Agencies.

2018

President of the Republic of Indonesia,

Presidential Regulation of the Republic

of Indonesia Number 95 of 2018

concerning Electronic-Based

Government Systems. Jakarta, 2018.

Perda Number 5 of 2021 concerning

amendments to Regional Regulation

Number 3 of 2019 concerning Regional

Long-Term Development Plans for

2019-2023

PBB, “UN E-Government Knowledgebase,”

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https://publicadministration.un.org/eg

ovkb/en-us/Data-Center.

Gede Sudanta Nethan Kuru, SoniFajarSurya

Gemilang, Ryan Adhitya Nugraha,

"Architectural Model of SPBE Business

Process Domain in Kuningan Regency

Government, 2021

Object Management Group, Business Process

Model and Notation, vol. 2.0. 2022

Kepwal No. 591.2/ Kep.471-Bag.Organization/

2022.

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for possible open-access

publication

under the terms and conditions of the Creative

Commons Attribution (CC BY SA) license

(https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/).