JRSSEM 2022, Vol. 02 No. 5, 900 – 915
E-ISSN: 2807 - 6311, P-ISSN: 2807 - 6494
DOI: 10.36418/jrssem.v2i05.348 https://jrssem.publikasiindonesia.id/index.php/jrssem
URBAN CREATIVE TOURISM AS AN EFFORT TO IMPROVE
THE ECONOMY OF THE BATU MALANG TOURISM CITY
AREA
Budi Prawoto
Universitas WisnuWardhana Malang, Indonesia
*
e-mail: bprawoto11@gmail.com
*Correspondence: bprawoto11@gmail.com
Submitted
: 27
th
November 2022
Revised
: 16
th
December 2022
Accepted
: 28
th
December 2022
Abstract: Cities in a country have become a major actor that is more prominent than the
country itself in regional and even global geographical relations. Competition between cities
to gain trust as the best city in a particular aspect depends on how the city can convey the
strength of competition with the relevance of the city. However, the competition is not only
between baser cities, but also baser cities and ceci cities. So a strategy is needed for small cities
to be able to increase their competitiveness in order to compete with big cities through city
branding. Regional competitiveness is one of the main issues in regional developmentThe
analysis method used in this study is descriptive analysis (descriptive research) using qualitative
and quantitative approaches. Hasil this research, among others 1) In general, the results of
this study are expected to provide recommendations for the government, especially the Batu
City Government and other actors involved in the impact of creative tourism in Batu City. 2)
This research is expected to be used as a strategy to implement creative tourism development
in Batu City properly and sustainably. 3) In addition, this research also aims to provide academic
knowledge related to creative tourism in Indonesia in general and in Batu City in particular.
Creative Tourism aims to bind the soul of tourists to the attractiveness of tourism. The process
of soul engagement and authentic experiences owned by each individual tourist is an
important point in the development of tourism. With this new marketing pattern, it inspired
many local governments, to apply it in the development of the image of their city. The
development of tourism in the form of creative tourism is considered to be able to lift and
shape the image of a city with increasing visits and consumption of tourist products with
creative types of tourism.
Keywords: Urban Creative Tourism; Improving The Tourism Economy; Tourism City Area.
Budi Prawoto | 901
DOI: 10.36418/jrssem.v2i05.348 https://jrssem.publikasiindonesia.id/index.php/jrssem
INTRODUCTION
Regional competitiveness is one of
the main issues in regional development.
The concept of competitiveness is generally
associated with the ability of an enterprise,
city, region, region or State to maintain or
increase competitive advantage on an
ongoing basis (Porter, 2000).
One of the approaches used to clarify
the concept of regional competitiveness is
based on the definition of the European
Commission (1999), which defines as
follows:
"The ability to produce goods and
services that are in accordance with the
needs of the international market,
accompanied by the ability to maintain low
income and relatively ringgit employment
opportunities that are shrewd by external
competitiveness. (European Commission,
1999 in Gardiner, 2003).
Santoso (2009) stated that the
approach to urban development through
strengthening city competitiveness is one
of the city's strategies to be able to
compete with other cities. Ranking and
mapping the competitiveness of cities will
help large cities in determining the
direction of their development going
forward. Cities can objectively know their
strengths and weaknesses both based on
their input and output indicators. Because
the competitiveness rankings compiled are
dynamic, cities must always strive to
improve their position continuously. The
city's competitiveness approach can be
synergized with existing urban
development strategies, such as NUDS-II,
tying the city's development goals not only
limited to strengthening internal factors,
but can also play a role in broader contexts,
such as PKN and PKW, which are expected
to be able to encourage regional growth.
Cities that are competitive will be
able to play a role in building relationships
with cities / regions according to the size
and function of the city.
Gardiner, Martin, Tyler (2004, in
Santoso, 2009) create a pyramide model of
regional competitiveness by looking for
relationships between several key factors
that can build regional competitiveness,
namely including input, output and
outcome factors. This concept is applied by
Bank Indonesia PPSK
- LP3E FE Unpad (2008) in Mapping
Regional Economic Competitiveness in 434
Regencies/cities.
The competitiveness of the city is
formed by the main factors (inputs) and
minerva of the economy (outputs). The
main factors that shape competitiveness
consist of 5 main indicators, namely (1) the
production business environment, (2) the
regional economy, (3) employment and
human resources, (4) infrastructure, natural
resources and the environment, (S$) banks
and financial institutions. Economic
performance (output) includes labor
productivity, and GRDP per capita. Cities in
the world strive to make it interesting and
unique, one of which is by applying the
concept of city branding. However, to make
the city attractive is a difficult job for many
governments, including local governments
in Indonesia. After the economic crisis hit
Indonesia in 1997, many regions were
unable to finance their own needs so
disubs. J' by the central government. Since
Law No. 22/1999 on Regional Autonomy
(which was later revised to Law No.
902 | Urban Creative Tourism As An Effort To Improve The Economy of The Batu Malang
Tourism City Area
32/2004) was enacted, each region is
required to be active and creative in
obtaining regional income to increase
economic development. The local
government then tried to create many
programs to attract investors in many ways
such as opening up industrial areas,
building many business centers, and
entertainment/show embuait or other
service sectors. Thus, governments are
working hard to make their cities survive in
the face of economic crises (Nur'aini, 2010).
Tourist attractions that invite visitors
are usually natural attractions such as
mountains and panta. which offers natural
beauty, and this tourism model is often
developed in various regions, commonly
referred to as mass tourism or tourism that
invites many visitors, but with many other
cities that also offer similar and interesting
natural attractions to visit, each region
seeks a different interest in terms of tourism
to attract many visitors to its territory. On
the other hand, mass tourism has a
negative impact on each region, namely
environmental impacts, overcrowding of
tourist destinations, and degradation of
local culture (Richards, 2010).
The world of tourism continues to
develop from natural tourism that can be
enjoyed by seeing, hearing, and feeling
directly, as well as cultural tourism where
tourists can get to know and learn the
history of each region for the diversity of
cultures that exist, to tours that bind
tourists interactively. This form of interaktf
tourism has been proposed by Greg
Richard and Crispin Raymond 2000, namely
creative tourism. They interpret that
creative tourism is a form of tourism that
offers visitors the opportunity to develop
their creativity in the form of active
participation in the learning and
characteristics of the tourist destination
area. That way this creative tourism can
bind 2 tourists directly with the tourist area,
so as to increase tourists' sense of
belonging to tourist attractions. Richards
and Raymond divide the form of creative
tourism into several things, among others,
arts and crafts, design, cooking, health and
healing, language, spiritual, nature and
scenery, and the last is sports.
In Indonesia itself, especially in Batu
City - East Java, which was originally an
agricultural-based natural tourism, it
changed its tourism pattern to creative
tourism, a tourism model that was never
known by the people of Kets Batu before
which was arranged very massively.
Creative tourism forms such as Animal Park,
Museum Angkut, Jatim Park, Eco Green
Park, and ASEAN Culture Park (planned to
be built). In fact, Batu City square has also
undergone disneyization in terms of
design.
The Regional Spatial Plan (RTRW) of
Batu City 2010 - 2030 was stipulated in the
Regional Spatial Plan (Perda) of Batu City
Number 7 of 2011 concerning the Batu City
Regional Spatial Plan. In chapter IV of this
RTRW, Batu City wants to increase the
position and role of Batu City from a tourist
city to a tourist center that is taken into
account at the regional or even national
level, by adding a variety of tourist objects
and attractions, which are supported by
adequate facilities and infrastructure and
tourism support elements with a relatively
even distribution throughout the Batu City
area in order to expand employment
opportunities in order to overcome
Budi Prawoto | 903
unemployment and increase the income of
residents and Tourism-based Batu City
PAD.
Ha! The above certainly strengthens
the reason that Batu City makes its urban
area into a massive creative tourism city,
with this creative tourism, the creative
economy is also developing rapidly in it
because of the demand (demand) from
consumers to consume innovative pruduk,
it will trigger rapid economic growth so as
to give birth to the creative industry to
supply (provide) consumer needs, Any
productive economic activity that involves
many manufacturers and can multiply
various industrial products is called the
product of the creative economy. (Rahim,
2013).
With the existence of creative tourism
in the Batu City area which makes the city
the first creative tourism city in Indonesia,
research on the impact of creative tourism
in urban planning of tourist areas on the
people of Batu City is needed as an analysis
of this research.
Thepurpose of this study is:
identifying the impact of creative tourism
on the tourism area of Batu City and
identifying the social and economic
impacts that will occur on the local
community due to creative tourism. While
the objectives of this study are:
" Identification of the concept of
creative tourism in urban areas
» Identify the demand for creative
tourism in urban areas
» Analysis of potentials and problems
in the development of urban creative
tourism
"The formulation of the concept of
creative tourism development which
becomes a new paradigm of urban tourism.
The benefits that can be taken from
the results of this study, among others, 1) In
general, the results of this study are
expected to provide recommendations for
the government, especially the Batu City
Government and other actors involved in
the impact of creative tourism in Batu City.
2) This research is expected to be used as a
strategy to implement creative tourism
development in Batu City properly and
sustainably. 3) In addition, this research
also aims to provide academic knowledge
related to creative tourism in Indonesia in
general and in Batu City in particular.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Data Collection Methods
There are several techniques that will
be used to obtain data in this study,
including:
a. Primary data collection techniques
Primary data collection techniques
consisting of observations, interviews and
questionnaires to map potential and
problems in the supply and demand for
creative tourism in urban areas.
b. Secondary data collection techniques
Secondary data collection techniques
are carried out by surveying or applying for
keypads data of related agencies, including
government and non-government
agencies.
Analysis Method
The analysis method used in this
study is descriptive analysis (descriptive
research) using qualitative and quantitative
approaches.
904 | Urban Creative Tourism As An Effort To Improve The Economy of The Batu Malang
Tourism City Area
Stages of Research
In compiling this study, there are
several stages that the lungs are carried
out, namely:
A. Preparatory Stage
The preparatory stage is the basic
stage of the study. Because at this stage a
plan is drawn up.
Research, in addition to that also at
this stage formulated several points of a
fundamental nature.
B. Data Collection Phase
At this stage, the data needs that
have been made at the preparation stage
begin to be collected through several ways,
primary data needs can be obtained by
making observations and interviews. In
order to obtain secondary data, a survey
can be carried out to agencies related to
this research, as well as literature review.
C. Data Analysis Stage
At this stage the data is collected! It is
then analyzed using the method set in the
previous sub-chapter. The data analysis
carried out must be related to the
objectives of this study.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
a. Creative Tourism (Pariwisata Kreatif)
1. Definition
Creative Tourism is defined as a type
of tourism that offers tourists the
opportunity to develop their creative
potential through active participation in the
process of learning and gaining experience
from an activity based on the
characteristics of the tourism destination
they carry out (Richards & Raymond, 2000).
From this definition, there are three things
that are an important emphasis on creative
tourism, namely creative potential, active
participation and characteristics of tourist
destinations.
Creative Potential Tourists are
provided with a tool, as well as various
equipment, to increase their creative
potential and as a tourist product that can
be taken home (not just souvenirs).
Active Participation Travellers are actively
involved in a creative process where that
engagement creates a potential for "true
exchange" and engagement between
tourists and the community.
Characteristics of a Tourist
Destination Linking a creative process with
a tourist destination and associating it with
its existing potential, creativity, and identity
is very important. This requires combining
the creativity of tourist destinations and
tourists.
Co-creation The concept of creative
tourism is defined as a level of cooperation
or collaboration between tourists and the
local community. The cooperation includes
a framework of knowledge on how to
manufacture a product, service and
experience jointly created by producers
and consumers. Roughly speaking, this
concept involves the use of consumer
knowledge about a product in improving
the quality of that product and to better
suit the needs of tourists. Although, usually
in the context of creative tourism, the 12
Budi Prawoto | 905
work that is more important is cooperation
in working, how managers learn to be able
to best relate to tourists in a creative
tourism process.
There are several travel experiences that
can be obtained with creative tourism
(Richards & Wilson, 2007), namely:
1) A new world (using all the senses)
2) New experiences (changes)
3) New strategies (placing, directing,
staging)
4) A review of the old (a new
perspective on previous products
and processes)
In Indonesia, the definition of creative
tourism is regulated in the Creative Tourism
Development Guidelines (Ministry of
Tourism and Creative Economy, 2012).
Based on these guidelines, creative tourism
is defined as a tourist activity along with all
supporting facilities and infrastructure that:
» Prioritizing authentic experiences that
travellers enjoy,
» The existence of participatory, interactive,
and informal learning,
« Providing opportunities for tourists to
take advantage of their creative potential in
consuming tourism products,
« Not bulk, held in small groups, and
« Closely connect with local communities as
actors of these activities
Creative tourism is considered important,
because it can increase the competitiveness
of tourism destinations, drive people's
economic activities, increase public and
tourist appreciation of arts and culture, and
develop the potential of human resources.
In this study, the reference used to identify
the characteristics and development of
creative tourism in Batu City is the Creative
Tourism Development Guidelines issued by
the Ministry of Tourism and Creative
Economy.
2. Creative Tourism Development
Guidelines
Based on the Creative Tourism
Development Guidelines, there are 7
characteristics that can describe the
concept of creative tourism (Ministry of
Tourism and Creative Economy, 2012):
Prioritizing local authenticity/
distinctiveness: Intensive contact with the
community, Participatory, interactive, and
informal learning, Providing opportunities
for tourists to unleash their creative
potential, Together with the community
produce tourism products, In small groups,
and ALAN 3 LO There are workshops /
workshops and instructors. The seven
characteristics will then be compared with
the existing conditions in the creative
tourism attraction studied to see how the
characteristics of creative tourism in Batu
City are today. To obtain criteria regarding
the characteristics of creative tourism, a
literature review of what are the main
characteristics that a creative tourism
attraction must have . In order to be in
accordance with the existing conditions in
Indonesia, the criteria used are based on
the Creative Tourism Development
Guidelines issued by the Ministry of
Tourism and Creative Economy.Then based
on existing criteria, compared to the
opinions of experts so that appropriate
indicators are obtained to assess the
parameters of the suitability of conditions
that occur in the field with what they should
be. The following are the characteristics of
creative tourism and its indicators and
906 | Urban Creative Tourism As An Effort To Improve The Economy of The Batu Malang
Tourism City Area
benchmarks that guide this study:
Table 1. Easil Synthesis of Creative Tourism Characteristics along with Indicators
andBenchmarks
No
Characteristic
Explanation
Characteristic
Indicator
Benchmarks
1.
Prioritizing local
authenticity/kekha san
The tourist activities
offered are sourced from
the values and/or cultural
products in the region
Tourist activities
derived from value-
the distinctive value
of Batu City
There is value
and/or product
Javanese culture
from the tourist
activities offered
2.
Intensive contact with
the community
Tourist
do
two-way interaction
with the community
local
Tourist activities
Involving
local people
those in the region
aforementioned
Instructors and/or
workers who
interact directly
with
tourists are from
from the region
aforementioned
3.
Providing tourism
activities terdapat
elements of the
peluang to tourists to
issue
p his creative otensi
The tourist activities
offered have elements of
creativity andn
Accommodate
Creative Potential of
Travelers
Tourist activities can
trigger
and/or develop
creativity that
Traveller-Owned
There is an element
of creativity
4.
Together with the
community to produce
tourism products
Tourists collaborate with
local communities in
making a tourism
product
Tourism activities
carried out produce
a product resulting
from the
cooperation of
tourists with local
communities
There are activities
that involve tourists
and the public to
create a tourism
product
5.
Participatory,
interactive, and
informal learning
The tourist activities
offered have an element
of active learning, which
accommodates the
participation of tourists,
two-way, non-rigid
interaction
Tourist activities are
carried out in a
participatory and
communicative
manner.
Tourism activities
are based on
educational value
and are delivered
implicitly
There is an element
of education The
educational
material is not
delivered directly,
during or after
carrying out tourist
activities
6.
In small groups
Tourist activities are
carried out in groups
Tourist activities are
carried out in
Tourist activities are
carried out in
Budi Prawoto | 907
with
limited number of
tourists
groups and in small
quantities
groups of a
maximum of 10
people
7.
There are
worfa'op/bengk el work
and instructors
Tourist activities are
carried out in a special
room and supervised by
people who have special
competencies
Tourist activities are
carried out in a
special area with
tools and materials
already provided.
Tourism activities
are facilitated by
people who have
the required
competencies
There is a special
area and/or place
to carry out
activities.
There are tools
and/or materials
needed to carry out
tourist activities.
There are people
and/or groups of
people who have
the competencies
needed to assist
tourists in carrying
out tourist activities
Source: Analysis Results, 2017
Based on the Creative Tourism
Development Guidelines, the
characteristics of creative tourism can also
be seen from what kind of activities are
offered to tourists as one of the existing
tourist attractions. Here is a typology of
creative tourism activities based on the
Creative Tourism Development Guidelines.
Table 2. Creative Tourism Typology Based on Creative Tourism Development Guidelines
Typology of Creative
Tourism Activities
Definition
Deployment Examples
Creative tourism activities
based on the culture of
community life (lifestyle-
based)
Tourist activities that
provide an experience for
tourists to engage directly
and contact with the culture
of daily life of special
peoples, such as indigenous
peoples, traditional peoples,
and so on.
Tourists are directly involved
in the procession of certain
traditional ceremonies (e.g.
religious upaca, house-
making, and so on) or
cultural walking tours.
Technology-driven creative
tourism activities
(technology-hased)
Tourist activities that
provide an experience for
tourists to be directly
involved in the use and or
creation of certain
Travellers are directly
engaged
In agricultural cultivation
workshops, crafting/craft
making with special
908 | Urban Creative Tourism As An Effort To Improve The Economy of The Batu Malang
Tourism City Area
technologies, both
traditional and modern
technologies, both software
and hardware.
technology and equipment,
cityscape and ruralscape
tours.
Creative knowledge-based
tourism activities
(konwledge-based)
Tourist activities that
provide deeper knowledge
about certain information
that is of interest or
concentration to tourists
and provide opportunities
for tourists to also explore
the knowledge they have.
Tourists are directly involved
in the behavior and
development of certain flora
and/or fauna, educational
thematic tours, historical
tours, and so on.
Sport-based tourism
activities
sport
Tourist activities in the form
of sports activities with the
aim of having fun, as well as
providing opportunities for
tourists to explore their
abilities in certain sports
interests
Tourists are seen in learning
to dive, learn to surf,
mountaineering with special
themes, martial arts
participation in traditional
performances, and so on
Art-based creative tourism
activities
Tourism activities that
provide more knowledge
and experience to tourists
about art, and at the same
time explore the artistic
abilities of tourists
Tourists are included in art
learning activities (dance,
musical instruments,
traditional or modem,
typical of certain regions),
participation in art
performances, and so on.
Source: Creative Tourism Development Guidelines, 2012
To obtain criteria regarding the
typology of creative tourism activities, a
literature review is carried out on what are
the main characteristics that a creative
tourism attraction should have. In order to
be in accordance with the existing
conditions in Indonesia, the criteria used
are based on the Creative Tourism
Development Guidelines issued by the
Ministry of Tourism and Creative
Economy.Then based on existing criteria,
compared with the opinions of experts so
that appropriate indicators are obtained to
assess the parameters of the suitability of
conditions that occur in the field with what
they should be. The following are the
characteristics of creative tourism along
with the indicators and benchmarks that
guide this study:
Table 3. Synthesis Results of Typology of Creative Tourism Activities along with Indicators
andBenchmarks
Budi Prawoto | 909
Typology Explained
Indicator
Benchmarks
Tourist activities that
provide an experience
for tourists to engage
directly and contact
with the culture of daily
life of special peoples,
such as indigenous
peoples, traditional
peoples, and so on.
Tourist activities that
introduce the culture
of life of a local
community group to
tourists.
Tourists are directly
involved and have a
two-way interaction
with a local
community.
Tourists are directly
involved and have a
two-way interaction
with a local
community.
Tourists
communicate
directly with local
communities.
Instructors and/or
workers who interact
directly with tourists
are from the region.
Tourist activities that
provide an experience
for tourists to be
directly involved in the
use and or creation of
certain technologies,
both traditional and
modern technologies,
both software and
hardware.
Tourism activities
that introduce the
use and/or creation
of a technology to
tourists.
There are tourist
activities that use a
technology.
Travellers are
directly involved in
leveraging and/or
creating a
technology.
Tourist activities that
provide deeper
knowledge about
certain information that
is of interest or
concentration to
tourists and provide
opportunities for
tourists to also explore
the knowledge they
have.
Tourism activities
that introduce a
science in depth to
tourists according to
their interests and /
or concentration
There are tourist
activities that have
value or products of
science.
There are tourist
activities that
improve the ability
of tourists related to
the knowledge
offered.
Tourist activities in the
form of sports activities
with the aim of having
fun, as well as
providing
opportunities for
tourists to explore their
Tourist activities in
the form of sports
that can improve the
ability of tourists
according to their
interests and / or
concentration.
There are tourist
activities that are
directly related to a
form of sports.
There are tourist
activities that
improve the ability
910 | Urban Creative Tourism As An Effort To Improve The Economy of The Batu Malang
Tourism City Area
abilities d<am teitcnt
sports interests".
of tourists
regarding the form
of sports offered
Tourism activities that
provide more
knowledge and
experience to tourists
about art, and at the
same time explore the
artistic abilities of
tourists.
Tourist activities
that introduce an art
in depth to tourists
according to their
interests and / or
concentration.
There are tourist
activities that have
artistic value or
programs.
There are tourist
activities that
increase the ability
of tourists related to
the arts offered.
Source: Synthesis Results, 2017
Based on the typology of creative
tourism activities above, it will be
compared with the conditions that occur in
the creative tourism attraction studied. This
is done to see whether the creative tourism
attraction activities offered are in
accordance with the typology of creative
tourism activities in the guidelines or not. In
addition to the characteristics and typology
of creative tourism activities, the Creative
Tourism Development Guidelines also
regulate several principles that must be
considered in the development of creative
tourism (Ministry of Tourism and Creative
Economy, 2012):
1. The development of creative tourism
must be in accordance with the
social, cultural and agam norms that
develop in society;
2. Bringing out the
authenticity/distinctiveness of likal in
every creative tourism process and
product developed;
3. Provide opportunities for tourists and
the community to interact with each
other in developing their creativity
during the implementation of
creative tourism programs;
4. Develop creative tourism programs
that are full of environmental, social,
and cultural learning, in a
participatory, interactive, and
informal manner;
5. Community empowerment as the
main actor in the development of
creative tourism, especially as
workshop managers and instructors,
based on their skills and abilities;
6. Creative tourism development must
be carried out in a planned and
integrated manner with the overall
tourism plan and regional
development plan in order to provide
broad optimal benefits;
7. Creative tourism management must
be carried out professionally in order
to improve efficiency and
performance and reduce the risks
posed; and
8. Creative tourism management must
be able to provide tangible benefits
to the natural, social, cultural, and
economic environment of the
community and region.
Budi Prawoto | 911
The eight principles above will then
be a reference in looking at creative
tourism development efforts carried out by
teikait stakeholders. In this case, the local
government of Batu City, through the
Tourism and Culture Office, is considered
to be the main
stakeholder
in the
development of creative tourism in Batu
City In addition to the principles that must
be met in the development of creative
tourism, there are also stages that must be
met in the development of creative
tourism. It is stated that there are 3
important stages in efforts to develop
creative tourism, including the planning
stage, management stage, and evaluation
stage.
In the planning stage, there are 7
points that must be done before offering
creative tourist attractions to tourists,
including (1) preparation; (2) define goals
and objectives; (3) identify tourism
resources owned; (4) development of
creative tourism product ideas/proposals
to be developed; (5) preparation of creative
tourism programs; (6) providing facilities
and infrastructure to support creative
tourism; and (7) setting standards for
creative tourism products. In the
management stage, there are 2 points that
must be done to maintain quality as
planned. Important points in the
management stage include, (1) the
development of a creative tourism program
management system; and (2) promotion of
creative tourism. In the evaluation stage,
there are 4 points that must be done to see
how much the success rate of the creative
tourism attraction offered and what steps
must be taken to optimize the existing
creative tourism. The important points in
the evaluation stage include, (1)
identification of tourist satisfaction; (2)
identification of community satisfaction; (3)
identification of the impact of creative
tourism development; and (4) evaluation of
creative tourism development.
Kriteria regarding creative tourism
development efforts conducted a literature
review of what are the main efforts that
must be made by various relevant
stakeholders
in developing creative
tourism. In order to be in accordance with
the existing conditions in Indonesia, the
criteria used are based on the Creative
Tourism Development Guidelines issued by
the Ministry of Tourism and Creative
Economy. Then based on the existing
criteria, compared with the opinions of
experts so that the right indicators are
obtained to assess the parameters of the
suitability of the conditions that occur in
the field with the jarg should be. The
following are the criteria for creative
tourism development efforts and their
indicators and benchmarks that guide this
study:
Table 4. Results of Synthesis of Creative Tourism Development Efforts along with Indicators
andBenchmarks
912 | Urban Creative Tourism As An Effort To Improve The Economy of The Batu Malang
Tourism City Area
Stages of
development
Development Stages
Explained
Indicator
Benchmarks
Planning Phase
The stage that must be
carried out before
carrying out the
development of
creative tourism,
consists of identifying
potentials, formulating
plans, and providing
needs.
Preparatory sub-
stages
Sub-stage of
defining goals
and objectives
Sub-stage of
identification of
tourism resources
owned
Sub-stage of
development of
creative tourism
product
ideas/proposals
to be developed
Sub-stages of
creative tourism
program
preparation
Sub-stage of
providing
facilities and
infrastructure to
support creative
tourism
Sub-stage of
determining
standards for
creative tourism
products
There are tourism resources
that can be developed as
creative tourism
There are certain goals and
objectives in developing
creative tourism in the future
There is an interventarization
of tourism resources owned,
for the purposes of
subsequent development
There is an analysis of future
development ideas by
consulting experts and
coordinating with local
governments
There is a creative tour
package program offered
Availability of facilities and
infrastructure that support
creative tourism activities
offered
There are standards of
activities and/or tourist
products offered
Management Stage
Stages that must be
carried out when
carrying out the
development of
creative tourism,
consisting of
management and
promotion
Sub-stage of
development of
creative tourism
program
management
system
There is a system for
managing creative tourism
programs, before, during, and
after tourist visits
There are promotional
activities using promotional
media
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Sub-stages of
creative tourism
promotion
Evaluation Phase
The stages that must be
carried out after
carrying out creative
tourism development,
consist of evaluating
the level of satisfaction,
impact and
development
Sub-stages of
identifying
traveller
satisfaction
Sub-stages of
community
satisfaction
identification
Sub-stage of
identifying the
impact of
creative tourism
development
Sub-stage of
evaluation of
creative tourism
development
There is a mechanism for
evaluating the satisfaction of
tourists who are aware of the
tourist activities offered,
including supporting matters
There is a mechanism to
identify the satisfaction of the
surrounding community with
the tourist activities offered
There is a mechanism for
identifying the impact that
occurs from the development
that has been carried out
There is a mechanism for
evaluating the plan,
management and impact of
the development that has
been carried out
Source: Synthesis Results, 2017
Based on the creative tourism development
efforts above, it will be compared with the
development efforts that have been carried
out by various stakeholders related to the
development of creative tourism in Batu
City. This is done to see how creative
tourism development efforts are carried
out in the development of creative tourism
in Batu City. Then based on these efforts, a
follow-up analysis was carried out on the
impact of creative tourism development in
Batu City, which in the end was synthesized
about what factors affect the development
of creative tourism in Batu City based on
the findings on other targets. To analyze
what factors influence the development of
creative tourism that occurs in accordance
with the purpose of research, a synthesis of
the findings obtained when analyzing the
previous targets is carried out . Then the
results of the synthesis will be grouped
based on the impact given by the factor,
then the results of the synthesis will be
grouped based on the impact caused which
will be delivered in the form of a table
including an elaboration of the analysis that
has been carried out.
CONCLUSIONS
The tourism sector is one of the
alternative urban industries that can shape
the image of a city, where the pattern of
world marketing in tourism development
causes changes in the pattern of packaging
tourism which was originally culturally used
as tourism into tourism by involving
914 | Urban Creative Tourism As An Effort To Improve The Economy of The Batu Malang
Tourism City Area
tourists in tourism activities, which at first
was only enjoyed visually. Competition
between cities to gain trust as the best city
in a particular aspect depends on how the
city can convey the strength of competition
with the relevance of the city. The results of
this study are expected to provide
recommendations for the government,
especially the Batu City Government and
other actors involved in the impact of
creative tourism in Batu City. Batu City has
the potential to develop creative tourism
because of the rapidly growing tourist
attraction in the last decade. The image of
Batu City as a Tourism City makes it a very
large potential in the development of
Creative tourism. With the development of
Creative tourism, it is hoped that cities will
have an image that matches their identity.
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© 2022 by the authors.
Submitted
for possible open access
publication
under the terms and conditions of the
Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY SA)
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(https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-
sa/4.0/).