JRSSEM 2022, Vol. 02, No. 4, 569 – 580

E-ISSN: 2807 - 6311, P-ISSN: 2807 - 6494

DOI :

FACTORS INFLUENCING STUDENTS INTENTION TO

BECOME A TECHNOSOCIOPRENEUR

Budi Suryowati

Ati Harianti

Hermawan Seftiono

1,2,3

Faculty of Economics and Business, Trilogy University, Jakarta

e-mail: budisuryo@trilogi.ac.id

, [email protected]d

, hermawan_seftion[email protected]

*Correspondence: [email protected]

Submitted: November, 2nd 2022, Revised: November, 23rd 2022, Accepted: November, 25th 2022

Abstract. Currently there is a new concept of entrepreneurship that combines technopreneurs and

sociopreneurs known as teknosociopreneurship. The terms techno is about technology innovation and

industry 4.0. Socio is a social impact on the surrounding community and collaboration. In this study, the

characteristics of technosociopreneurs refer to the values of technosociopreneurs embraced by Trilogy

University which consists of integrity, togetherness, independence, excellence, and innovation. This

study aims to determine the influence of integrity, togetherness, independence, excellence, and

innovation possessed by Trilogy University students on their intention to be a techno-sociopreneur. The

population used consists of 2,289 students, spread over 12 study programs. From the population, 350

students were obtained by using cluster sampling method. The data analysis used was Partial Least

Square - Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The result of the study indicate that out of five basic

values possessed by Trilogy University students that affect their intention in becoming a techno-

sociopreneur are integrity, togetherness, and innovation.

Keywords: Sociopreneur, Technopreneur, Technosociopreneur

Budi Suryowati, Ati Harianti, Hermawan Seftiono | 570

DOI :

INTRODUCTION

The Central Statistics Agency

(BPS) projects that Indonesia will

experience a demographic bonus around

2025, where the number of productive

age population will dominate the

population of Indonesia in that year, so

there must be sufficient employment

opportunities. Related to that, the

government encourages the millennial

generation to become entrepreneurs.

Currently, the number of existing

entrepreneurs is only about three percent

of the total population. (Septyaningsih

2020). The government is currently

intensifying efforts so that more

millennials and generation z are

motivated to become entrepreneurs.

Entrepreneurship is one of the

right solutions in increasing the level of

welfare and reducing unemployment in

developing countries such as Indonesia.

The business needed today is not only

profit-oriented but also socially oriented

by utilizing technology. Entrepreneurs

who care about the world around them

(people who pay attention to the world

around them). They recognize needs in

their communities or in society as a

whole and then look for ways to meet

these needs while still being able to make

a profit (Berler C, 2015).

In his research, Ghalwash et al.

(2017) define social entrepreneurs as

active agents who find solutions to social

problems and are motivated by goodwill

rather than profit. It can be said that

they reinvest their profits in solving

social problems. In the modern era, social

entrepreneurship can be combined with

technological assets such as bringing

high-speed internet connectivity to

remote communities, with a view to

providing people with more access to

sources of information and knowledge.

Several definitions that combine

technopreneur and siciopreneur, among

others Frost & Sullivan (2016) define

social innovation as a combination of

technology and business models that

have a positive impact on the lives of

individuals and community groups, and

produce certain values or creating shared

value (CSV). . Ismail, Sohel, Ayuniza

(2012) combines Technopreneur and

sociopreneur into a Technology Social

Venture. Technology social venture

(TVS) is a form of social enterprise that

tries to meet social needs through

technological innovation in a financially

sustainable manner. According to

Subyakto (2020) states that

technosociopreneur is a unit of

innovative social entrepreneurs.

Teknosociopreneur provides greater

opportunities and allows effective

optimization of resources to achieve high

profits Mashingaidze, (2016).

Universities have an important role

to encourage and increase the number of

entrepreneurs in Indonesia. College

graduates are expected to become job

creators, not job seekers. The existence of

a technosociopreneur program at Trilogy

University is one of the efforts to

overcome social problems. Social

problems are a very real challenge for the

academic world. Students are expected to

be able to build a business to create jobs

for themselves and others.

This research is about the

characteristics and interests of Trilogy

University students in Techno-

sociopreneurship contained in the

Trilogy University Vision, especially

related to the values of integrity,

togetherness, independence, excellence,

and sustainable innovation, using the

Structural Equation Modeling (SEM)

method.

Integrity, is a matter of being

compassionately alert, always thinking

of circumstances and conditions to

improve the condition of the whole

society. Koehn, D. (2005). According to

him, Integrity is a matter of being

determined, receptive, and critical in

fulfilling one's identity as well as feeling

empathy for others. Integrity is the

essence of a healthy business. In this

study, integrity refers to Emotional

Intelligence and Moral Obligation as

proposed by Seijts, G et al. (2015) and

571 | Factors Influencing Students Intention To Become a Technosociopreneur

Koehn, D. (2005) as the ability to act

honestly and consistently what is done

based on moral values and beliefs that

are owned as measured by acting

consistently with principles, values, and

beliefs, telling the truth, stand on the

right side, and always keep promises.

Togetherness in this study refers to

the concept of Social capital (Social

capital). The concept of social capital was

originally popularized by Putnam R

(1993). Putnam defines social capital as a

value of mutual trust (trust) between

community members and the community

towards their leaders. Social capital as a

social institution involves networks,

norms, and social trust that encourage

social collaboration for the common good.

Independence in this study refers to

relational capability which is in

accordance with the definition in the

Trilogy University academic manual,

2020, which states that independence is

the ability to reduce dependence, in

building harmonious business

partnerships. which is shown by having

self-awareness, this independence is

shown by having a proactive character,

understanding the values of principles,

personal strengths and weaknesses,

being able to lead and managing oneself,

and having responsibility.

One of the character dimensions

that affect the results and performance of

a leader according to Seijts, G. et al

(2015) is encouragement, showing

enthusiasm to achieve results (results

oriented), enthusiasm to motivate others,

natural curiosity that must be satisfied

(demonstrate initiative). , and they show

initiative and a desire to excel (strive to

excellence).

The definition of excellence in this

study refers to perseverance, risk taking,

and self-efficacy, excellence is anything

that is done better than what others have

done, as measured by the drive to always

strive for the best, the drive to always

exceed expectations, never stop trying. ,

reject complacency, don't just rely on

luck, never stop learning. Perseverance

is a social entrepreneur character, where

in general perseverance is defined as the

ability to remain strong in the face of

various problems which in Indonesian is

translated as Perseverance, persistence,

and hard-heartedness. (Ghalwash et al.,

2017), his findings confirm the

characteristics of social entrepreneurs as

compassionate risk takers with an

entrepreneurial mindset who seek to

tackle social problems in an innovative

way. Bandura (1982) defines self-efficacy

as a person's belief about his ability to

complete a particular task.

In this study, innovation refers to

the notion of Technological capabilities

and Technopreneurial self-efficacy.

Technological capabilities are a set of

skills used in building and utilizing

various technologies and systems (Ho,

YC., Fang, HC., & Lin, J. F. 2011).

Technopreneurial self-efficacy is the

ability to perform entrepreneurial tasks

in a technology-oriented context. People

with a high level of technopreneurial

efficacy have a strong work intention for

a career as a technopreneur (Oakey,

2003). Technological capabilities are

positively related to technological

entrepreneurial intentions (Millman et al

2010). The higher the technological

ability of a student, the easier it is to

apply and integrate technology, so the

greater the tendency to use technology to

build new businesses.

According to the Theory of Planned

Behavior (TPB), entrepreneurial

intentions are influenced by an attitude

factor consisting of beliefs about an

outcome (Ajzen 1991). This theory

explains intention as a predictor of actual

behavior, the level of how hard people are

willing to try, how much effort people are

willing to put in a behavior. Planned

behavior is predicted by intentions

towards behavior which in the context of

this study is related to social

entrepreneurial intentions. Meanwhile,

technopreneurial intention is a state of

mind that directs and guides individual

actions towards the development, and

application of new technology business

concepts (Hoque, Awang, Siddique,

Budi Suryowati, Ati Harianti, Hermawan Seftiono | 572

2017). In this study, the intention to

become a technosociopreneur is shown by

indicators (1) intending, (2) hoping, (3)

planning or wanting to start and (4) how

do they choose to become a

technosociopreneur compared to being an

employee/professional.

METHODS

The operational variables of the

research are the characteristics and

interests of techno-sociopreneur:

Integrity, Togetherness, Independence,

Excellence, and Innovation as

independent variables, and interest in

becoming a techno-sociopreneur as a

related variable. Furthermore, modeling

the influence of characteristics on techno-

sociopreneurial interest using the SEM-

PLS (Structural Equation Modeling –

Partial Least Square) method.

The population in this study were

all students of Trilogy University

Jakarta, totaling 2,289 students spread

over 12 study programs. Samples were

taken by probability sampling technique

with cluster sampling type. Calculation

of the sample using the formula

according to Slovin (Sugiyono, 2017),

with N of 2289 and e 5%, obtained the

number of samples (n) of 341 in this

study used a sample of 350 with a

proportional sampling cluster for each

study program.

The distribution of the

questionnaires to the students was

carried out using Google Form. The

questionnaire is closed in which each

question has a pre-planned answer.

The variables in this study are the

basic values that will create Insan

Superior Innovation as the capital in

“TEKNOSOSIOPRENEUR”, including

the values of Integrity, Togetherness,

Independence, Excellence, and

Innovation. Integrity refers to the

definition of emotional intelligence and

moral obligation, Togetherness refers to

subjective norms and knowledge sharing,

Independence refers to relational

capability, Excellence refers to risk

taking, perseverance, and self-efficacy

and Innovation refers to

technopreneurial self-efficacy, creativity,

and technological capability. Evaluation

of the measurement model or outer model

is carried out to assess the validity and

reliability of the model. The validity test

of the reflective indicators is evaluated

through convergent validity and

discriminant validity of the

construct forming indicators (variables).

While the reliability test of reflective

indicators was evaluated with composite

reliability and Cronbach's alpha.

Evaluation of the Structural Model or

Inner Model, to find out how the

influence of the attitude factors of

Integrity, Togetherness, Independence,

Excellence, Innovation on interest in

becoming a technosociopreneur.

Evaluation of the structural model or

inner model is done by using r-square

and path coefficient.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Characteristics of Respondents

Of the 350 student respondents, 213

respondents or 61% were male and the

remaining 137 or 39% were female

spread across various study programs as

shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2.

573 | Factors Influencing Students Intention To Become a Technosociopreneur

DOI :

Figure 1. Gender of Respondents

Figure 2. Respondent Study Program

Characteristics of Students Against

Entrepreneurship

In the following, the results of the

research on student characteristics of

techno-sociopreneurs will be presented.

These characteristics refer to the techno-

sociopreneur values that exist at Trilogy

University, namely integrity,

togetherness, independence, excellence,

and innovation in Table 1.

Table 1. Socio Technopreneur Characteristics of Trilogy Studentsa

No.

Characteristics

Average value of

respondents' answers

Conclusion

Integrity

4,30

Very possess the characteristics of

Integrity

Togetherness

4,55

Very have the characteristics of

togetherness

Independence

4,10

Enough to have the characteristics of

independence

Superiority

3,77

Enough to have the characteristics of

excellence

Innovation

4,07

Enough to have the characteristics of

innovation

Source: Processed Primary Data, 2021

Male

61%

Female

39%

Respondents by Gender

S1 Agribusiness

S1 Agrotechnology

S1 Accounting

25%

S1 Visual

Communication

Design

11%

S1 Product Design

S1 Development

Economics

S1 Food

Science and

Technology

S1 Management

30%

S1 Early Childhood

Education Teacher

Education

S1 Elementary School

Teacher Education

S1 nformation

Systems

S1 Informatics

Engineering

Respondents by Study Program

Budi Suryowati, Ati Harianti, Hermawan Seftiono | 574

From Table 1, it can be seen that

the strongest sociotechnopreneur

characteristic possessed by students is

togetherness, this occurs partly because

of academic and non-academic activities

that involve cross-study programs. The

characteristics of excellence are only

sufficient for students, this happens

where they are less willing to take risks,

less diligent, and less confident in their

abilities, this can be seen from their

participation in various competitions

that must be continuously encouraged by

the lecturers.

Characteristics of Techno-Sociopreneurs

and Interests in Techno-Sociopreneurs of

Trilogy Students

To find out whether the

characteristics of students in terms of

Integrity (Ig), Togetherness (Kb),

Independence (Km), Excellence (Kg), and

Innovation (In) have an influence on

Interest in technosociopreneur (MT) was

analyzed using Partial Least Square-

Structural Equation Model (PLS-SEM)

with the help of Smart PLS 3.0 software.

Evaluation of the Outer Model of PLS-

SEM

The outer model is evaluated by

assessing the validity and reliability of

the model. The validity test is carried out

through convergent validity and

discriminant validity from the indicators

forming the variable (construct). While

the reliability test was carried out

through composite reliability and

Cronbach's alpha. There are 45

indicators tested from 6 constructs.

a. Convergent Validity

The results of initial data

processing, the value of the outer loading

or the correlation between the construct

and the variable initially did not meet

convergent validity because there were

still indicators that had a loading factor

value below 0.70. There are 11 indicators

that have a loading factor below 0.7,

namely Kb2, Kb7, Ig1, Ig2, Ig4, Ig5, Ig6,

Ig8, Km2, Kg1, and Kg2 so that these

indicators must be eliminated and only

34 indicators are included in the next

test. The results of further processing

produce a loading factor value above 0.70

(meets convergent validity) so that it can

be concluded that all variables in this

study are valid.

b. Average Variance Extracted

In the validity test using the

Average Variance Extracted (AVE), a

good model is required to have an AVE

value greater than 0.5 (Hair et al., 2011).

The results of the AVE variable Integrity

0.696, Togetherness 0.596, Independence

0.640, Excellence 0.648 and Innovation

0.574 indicate that each variable has met

the criteria with an AVE value greater

than 0.5 (Hair et al., 2011).

c. Discriminant Validity

Discriminant validity through the

Fornell-Larcker criteria shows that the

root of the AVE construct of Integrity (Ig)

is 0.843 which is higher than the

correlation between the construct of

Integrity (Ig) and other constructs. This

result also occurs in other constructs.

d. Composite Reliability

The output results of composite

reliability for the constructs of Integrity,

Togetherness, Independence, Excellence,

and Innovation are all above 0.7, so the

construct is declared reliable. (Ghozali &

Hengky, 2015)

Evaluation of the Inner Model

The inner model is a structural

model, based on the path coefficient

value, seeing how much influence the

latent variables have with bootstrapping

calculations. The evaluation is done by

looking at the criteria for the R-Square

value and the significance value. The

results of the path diagram can be seen

in Figure 3.

575 | Factors Influencing Students Intention To Become a Technosociopreneur

DOI :

Figure 3. Bootstrapping Results.

Coefficient Determination

The evaluation of the inner model

can be seen from the R-square value and

path coefficients. The R-square value

obtained in this study is 0.450, meaning

that the interest in techno-sociopreneur

which can be explained by the variables

of Integrity, Togetherness,

Independence, Excellence, and

Innovation is 45%, the remaining 55% is

explained by other variables outside the

model.

2. Path Coefficient

Significance of the influence of

Integrity, Togetherness, Independence,

Excellence, and Innovation on Techno-

Sociopreneur interest by looking at the

parameter coefficient values and the

statistical significance value in Table 2.

Budi Suryowati, Ati Harianti, Hermawan Seftiono | 576

DOI :

Table 2. Path Coefficient

Source: Primary data 2021, processed

Of the 5 variables that are

characteristics of technopreneurs at

Trilogy University, there are 3 that affect

the interest in technosociopreneur,

namely Integrity, Togetherness and

Innovation, while Independence and

Excellence have no effect on interest in

technosociopreneur.

Discuss

The results of hypothesis testing

prove that Integrity has a positive effect

on the interest in techno-sociopreneur of

Trilogy students. The students' answers

show that they have integrity in

emotional intelligence and moral

obligation. Emotional Intelligence as an

individual's ability to manage emotions

and feelings wisely. Zampetakis et al

(2008) in their research found that

Emotional Intelligence positively affects

creativity and proactive action and plays

an important role in attitude

development. Hockerts 2015 moral

obligation is the extent to which a person

has a responsibility to help

underprivileged people in certain

situations. Moral obligation as an

antecedent is very important for social

entrepreneurs because it conveys the

point that addressing certain social

problems is the right thing to do. Trilogy

University students are very capable of

managing their emotions and feelings

wisely, students act consistently with

principles, values, and beliefs, tell the

truth, stand on the right side, and always

keep promises. The integrity possessed

by students can build their confidence to

see the vision optimistically, among

others, by building a business based on

technology by providing welfare for the

community. Agreeing with the research

conducted by Yusoff et al., (2016) found

that integrity is a core element for the

success of any business.

Togetherness affects the interest in

techno-sociopreneur of Trilogy students.

Togetherness proxied by social capital

indicates the higher the social capital

owned by students, the higher the

interest in entrepreneurship among

students. This shows that they have the

initiative to change environmental

conditions for the better. The existence of

social capital or moral support from

parents and closest people as well as the

many types of social media make it easier

for students to do or start a business in

line with technological advances in this

era of globalization. The results of this

study are supported by research results

(Wakkee et al., 2018) which show that

social capital has a positive effect on

entrepreneurship. Research conducted

by JainV.K., Kumar P., Dube P.,

Naithani J (2019) shows that social

capital has a significant effect on student

interest in entrepreneurship in India.

Excellence does not affect the

interest in techno-sociopreneur of Trilogy

students. It can be said that Trilogy

students only have enough character of

perseverance, risk taking, and self

efficacy.

Variable

Original

Sample (O)

Statistics

p-values

Integrity -> Technosociopreneur Interest

0.117

2.020

0.044

Togetherness -> Technosociopreneur Interests

0.193

2.776

0.006

Independence -> Technosociopreneur Interests

0.102

1.480

0.139

Advantages -> Technosociopreneur Interests

-0.046

0.602

0.547

Innovation -> Technosociopreneur Interests

0.395

5.452

0.000

577 | Factors Influencing Students Intention To Become a Technosociopreneur

The results of the hypothesis show

that there is no influence of the

independence of Trilogy students on the

interest in techno-sociopreneur. From

the students' answers to Independence as

indicated by relational capability, it can

be said that Trilogy students only have

relational capability or in other words

they do not fully have a proactive

character, understand the values of

principles, personal strengths and

weaknesses, are able to lead and manage

themselves, and have responsibilities.

Innovation affects the interest in

techno-sociopreneur in Trilogy students.

In general, a technosociopreneur comes

up with new social business ideas that

arise from community problems.

Students who have entrepreneurial self-

efficacy, technological capabilities and

high creativity will find it easier to apply

and integrate technology so that the

greater the tendency to use knowledge to

start a business. new. The results of this

study are in accordance with research

conducted by Wathanakom, Khlaisang

and songkram (2020) which states that

innovation affects the interest of

undergraduate students at public

universities in Bangkok to become

technopreneurs. The results of this study

are also in accordance with research

conducted by Nathasia, N., & Rodhiah, R

(2020) which states that innovation

affects entrepreneurial interest in

Tarumanegara University students.

CONCLUSIONS

Based on the research that has

been carried out, it can be concluded that

integrity in the form of emotional

intelligence and moral obligation owned

by Trilogy students has a positive effect

on their interest in technosociopreneur,

togetherness in the form of social capital

has a positive and significant effect on

interest in technosociopreneurship of

Trilogy students, independence in the

form of relational capability has no effect

on interest in technosociopreneur Trilogy

students, the advantages shown by risk

taking, perseverance, and self efficacy

have no effect on the interest in

technosociopreneur of Trilogy students

and innovation in the form of

technopreneurial self efficacy, creativity,

and technological capability has a

positive effect on the interest in

technosociopreneur of Trilogy students.

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