JRSSEM 2022, Vol. 01, No. 10, 1804 – 1813
E-ISSN: 2807 - 6311, P-ISSN: 2807 - 6494
DOI : https://jrssem.publikasiindonesia.id/index.php/jrssem/index
THE ROLE OF LEADERSHIP IN INCREASING EMPLOYEE
MORALE AT THE REGIONAL INSPECTORATE OF WEST
KUTAI REGENCY
Dewi Viayanti Mala
1*
Agustinus Djiu
2
Musmuliadi
3
1,2,3
Kutai Kartanegara University, Indonesia
1
,
2
, musmuliadi2[email protected]om
3
*Correspondence: [email protected]
Submitted: 27 April 2022, Revised: 15 May 2022, Accepted: 20 May 2022
Abstract. Human resources are a very important factor in an organization, both large and small
organizations. In large-scale organizations, human resources are seen as a very decisive element in
the business development process, the role of human resources is becoming increasingly
important. This study aims to determine the personal role of the leader in increasing the morale of
the employees of the Regional Inspectorate of West Kutai Regency, to determine the role of leader
decision-making in increasing the morale of the employees of the Regional Inspectorate of West
Kutai Regency and to determine the role of the leader in utilizing information sources in increasing
the morale of the Regional Inspectorate's employees West Kutai Regency. This research is a type
of research that uses a qualitative approach as a research procedure that produces a description
in the form of written and spoken words of people and observable behavior, which is carried out
at the Regional Inspectorate Office of West Kutai Regency. The research period is from 2020 to
2021. The Inspectorate of the Regional Inspectorate of West Kutai Regency has directly or indirectly
provided decision making to its members so that their employees can find out from what has been
given by the Regional Inspectorate of Kutai Barat Regency in order to increase employee morale
at the Regional Inspectorate Office of West Kutai Regency, which is carried out The Inspectorate of
the Regional Inspectorate of West Kutai Regency in making policies for his employees, namely the
Regional Inspectorate of the West Kutai Regency Inspectorate always leaves the initial office of his
employees and returns to the last office of his employees.
Keywords: leadership, morale, employees
Dewi Viayanti Mala, Agustinus Djiu, Musmuliadi | 1805
INTRODUCTION
An organization needs an effective
leader, who has the ability to influence the
behavior of its members or subordinates
(Lunenburg, 2012). So, a leader or head of
an organization will be recognized as a
leader if he can influence (Tannenbaum &
Schmidt, 2017) and be able to direct his
subordinates towards organizational goals
(Dobre, 2013). Leadership is one of the
issues in management that is still quite
interesting to be discussed today (Banka et
al., 2022). The mass media, both electronic
and print, often present opinions and talks
about leadership (Nord & van Krogh,
2021). The role of a very strategic leader
and important for the achievement of the
mission (Muliati et al., 2022a), vision and
goals of an organization, is one of the
motives that encourage people to always
investigate the intricacies associated with
leadership (Anggadwita et al., 2021).
Competition between organizations
in the era of globalization is increasing
rapidly (Hwihanus et al., 2022), so that
human resources are required to
continuously be able to develop
themselves proactively (Jaiswal et al., 2022).
Human resources must be human learners,
namely individuals who are willing to learn
(Budiarto & Salsabila, 2022) and work hard
with enthusiasm, so that their human
potential develops optimally (Bakti &
Hartono, 2022). Leadership is one of the
issues in management that is still quite
interesting to be discussed today
(Kwiotkowska et al., 2022). The mass media,
both electronic and print, often present
opinions and talks about leadership
(Childers & Boatwright, 2021). The role of
a very strategic leader and important for
the achievement of the mission, vision
(Muliati et al., 2022b) and goals of an
organization, is one of the motives that
encourage people to always investigate the
intricacies associated with leadership
(Hassan et al., 2021).
Competition between organizations
in the era of globalization is increasing
rapidly (Mohamed Hashim et al., 2022), so
that human resources are required to
continuously be able to develop
themselves proactively. Human resources
must be human learners, namely
individuals who are willing to learn and
work hard with enthusiasm, so that their
human potential develops optimally.
Human resources are the main problem in
every activity in it. Goals in an organization
can be achieved well depending on the
human factors that play a role in planning,
implementing and controlling the
organization.
This study aims to determine the
personal role of the leadership in
improving the morale of the employees of
the Regional Inspectorate of West Kutai
Regency, to determine the role of
leadership decision-making in improving
the morale of the employees of the
Regional Inspectorate of West Kutai
Regency. District and to determine the role
of leadership in utilizing information
sources in improving the morale of the
employees of the Regional Inspectorate of
West Kutai Regency. This research is
expected to be a medium for applying
various concepts learned during college so
that apart from being useful in the
development of science, new concepts and
approaches from this research can enrich
1806 | The Role of Leadership In Increasing Employee Morale at The Regional Inspectorate of
West Kutai Regency
the science of government. is expected to
be one of the input factors or contributions
of thoughts and suggestions for leaders to
carry out leadership in the framework of
future organizational arrangements. In
particular, the Inspectorate of the Regional
Inspectorate of West Kutai Regency.
Hopefully the results of this study can also
be used as feedback to determine the level
of organizational success and things that
need to be addressed by the Regional
Inspectorate of Kutai Barat Regency in
order to increase employee morale at the
office so that the work culture in the future
will be more effective and appropriate and
is expected to become a study in the
context of developing further research
methods in accordance with practical and
theoretical needs in the field of
administration.
METHODS
This research is a type of research
that uses a qualitative approach as a
research procedure that produces a
description in the form of written and
spoken words of people and observable
behavior, which is carried out at the
Regional Inspectorate Office of West Kutai
Regency. The research period is from 2020
to 2021. To obtain the data needed in this
study, data collection instruments were
used in the form of interviews, observations
and documentation. In this study, there are
3 data analysis techniques, namely data
reduction, data presentation and
verification.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
In this role, the leader of the
Inspectorate of the Regional Inspectorate
of Kutai Barat Regency carries out his role
as a figurehead where the Inspectorate of
the Regional Inspectorate of Kutai Barat
Regency is diligent in carrying out legal and
social activities such as ceremonies acting
as the leader of the ceremony with the
employees of the Regional Inspectorate of
Kutai Barat Regency every day. Monday
and attend invitations from public
organizations that invite him as a speaker
or presenter Interview about the role of
figureheads:
According to the Head of Sub. The
general section of the Regional
Inspectorate of West Kutai Regency said
that:
"Every Monday, father must attend
the ceremony with Monday as long as he
leads, he never does not attend the
ceremony and is related to invitations from
outside or from within he must also attend
but sometimes his invitation as a presenter
usually collides so he is the one who choose
one of them. (Interview on April 5, 2022)
According to an employee of the
Regional Inspectorate of Kutai Barat
Regency said that:
"When there are activities held at the
office, he will definitely be present to
enliven these activities such as go green
activities, go cycling every Sunday, he will
definitely attend, and he also always invites
us when there are activities like that."
(interview on April 5, 2022)
From the excerpt of the interview, it
was explained that the role of the leader of
the Regional Inspectorate of Kutai Barat
Regency as a figurehead was carried out
very well where to increase the morale of
his employees he had to set an example for
Dewi Viayanti Mala, Agustinus Djiu, Musmuliadi | 1807
his employees to run the organization
seriously.
The results showed that the
Inspectorate of the Regional Inspectorate
of West Kutai Regency in carrying out the
role of an interpersonal leader measured by
figure was quite good. It is proven that the
Inspectorate of the Regional Inspectorate
of West Kutai Regency can carry out its role
as a figurehead, namely the role that is
carried out to represent the organization
under his leadership in every opportunity
and problem that arises formally.
Leader: a role that is responsible for
motivating and directing subordinates
In this role, the leader of the Regional
Inspectorate of Kutai Barat Regency carries
out his role as a Leader where the Regional
Inspectorate of Kutai Barat Regency
continues to motivate the employees he
meets and monitors the progress of his
employees and provides effective direction
for his employees.
Interview about the role of the leader:
According to the Head of Sub-Division of
Finance, the Regional Inspectorate of West
Kutai Regency said that: "We are here every
time we meet him, he always tells us to
work sincerely, work professionally, always
innovate in carrying out the main tasks and
that's what motivates us. ourselves as his
subordinates to work better.”(interview on
April 5, 2022).
According to an employee of the
Regional Inspectorate of Kutai Barat
Regency said that: “when we were at work
and encountered problems. He is very easy
to find and gives us guidance to deal with
these obstacles and also he gives us hints
that can be useful for our work, such as
doing cooperation” (interview on 05 April
2022).
From the interview excerpts, it proves
that the leader's role is carried out well by
the Regional Inspectorate of Kutai Barat
Regency because it is in the leader's role
that the leader can motivate his employees
so that employee morale can increase.
The results of the study indicate that
in carrying out its role, the interpersonal
leader is measured by the leader as a driver
is quite good. This is evidenced by the
Inspectorate of the Regional Inspectorate
of West Kutai Regency in mobilizing his
subordinates.
Liasion: a role that maintains a network
of outside contacts who provide
information and support
In this role, the leader of the Regional
Inspectorate of Kutai Barat Regency carries
out his liasion role, which means that the
Inspectorate of the Regional Inspectorate
of West Kutai Regency always maintains
communication with other organizations.
Interviews about the role of liaison.
According to the Head of the Sub-
Division of Planning for the Regional
Inspectorate of West Kutai Regency, he said
that: "He performs this role by interacting
with colleagues, staff and other people who
are outside this institution, to obtain
information, because this institution does
not stand alone, he must have had a lot of
information. associated with a number of
individuals or certain groups who are
outside the institution. (interview on 05
April 2022).
According to an employee of the
Regional Inspectorate of West Kutai
Regency, he said that: "Very true, he
was when we were in a meeting he did
something like that, he became a
1808 | The Role of Leadership In Increasing Employee Morale at The Regional Inspectorate of
West Kutai Regency
liaison between us and the Regional
Irbans here. And everyone is given the
opportunity to express their opinion.”
(interview on April 5, 2022)
From the interview excerpts, it
proves that the Regional Inspectorate
of Kutai Barat Regency carries out a
liaison role in leading an institution in
which this role builds and maintains
contacts within and outside the
organization to provide information to
its employees so that the information
obtained can be used as support for
carrying out the main duties of an
employee so that increase work morale.
Based on the results of the study, it
can be said that the role of the
interpersonal leader as measured by
the role of the leader as a liaison has
been quite well carried out by the
Regional Inspectorate of Kutai Barat
Regency as evidenced by the
establishment of good cooperation
among employees.
The role of the leader in Decison Making
(the role of making decisions)
This role makes the leader must be
involved in a strategy-making process
within the organization he leads. This
strategy-making process is simply
referred to as a process that makes
organizational decisions made
significant and related. The role of
decision-making by the leader is a role
that should not be carried out, after all,
this role can distinguish between
leaders and implementers. According
to some leaders, they were paid dearly
for this decision.
Entrepreneur: a role that seeks renewal
of opportunities in the organization and
the environment and initiates projects
that lead to change.
In this role, the Inspectorate of the
Regional Inspectorate of West Kutai
Regency is expected to carry out his
role such as identifying reform ideas
that function for the institution and
implementing them so that innovations
emerge in the Regional Inspectorate of
West Kutai Regency.
Interview about the role of
entrepreneur: According to the
Pembatu Inspector Region 1, the
Regional Inspectorate of West Kutai
Regency said that:
"He always encourages his fellow
employees to make innovations and he
also brings out his ideas and
immediately told us if he thought it was
important to be implemented
immediately such as making our work
environment comfortable and relaxed
when he saw his employees at work
look stiff he must usually make some
kind of announcement that next
Sunday there will be competitions every
Irban to make us even more excited.”
(Interview on 11 April 2022).
According to an employee of the
Regional Inspectorate of Kutai Barat
Regency said that: "when there are
activities in the office he is very active
and relaxed activities can encourage us,
he certainly agrees and almost every
week on Sunday mornings he will
definitely do anything together. - with
us at the office ” (Interview on April 11,
2022)
From the interview excerpts it
proves that the role of the entrepreneur
is carried out well by the Regional
Dewi Viayanti Mala, Agustinus Djiu, Musmuliadi | 1809
Inspectorate of Kutai Barat Regency
because this role is very influential on
employee morale. for employees.
Distrubance Hendler: the role
responsible for corrective action when
the organization encounters a sudden
and important disruption.
In this role, the Inspectorate of the
Regional Inspectorate of West Kutai
Regency carries out its role as a
distraction handler where the Regional
Inspectorate of West Kutai Regency is
directly related if there are disturbances
that arise which can have a direct
impact on the institution.
Interview about the role of
distrubance hendler: According to the
Assistant Inspector of Region II, the
Regional Inspectorate of West Kutai
Regency said that:
"He must be like that every time
there are institutional problems, he is
certainly very responsible for solving
these problems. Usually a problem that
occurs when an employee is in conflict
with his fellow employees must be
looking for a strategic solution.”
(Interview on April 11, 2022)
According to an employee of the
Regional Inspectorate of Kutai Barat
Regency said that:
"Every meeting he would ask what
obstacles were encountered and he
also together with us immediately
found a way out to eliminate these
obstacles." (Interview on April 11, 2022).
From the interview excerpt, it can be
seen that the Regional Inspectorate of
Kutai Barat Regency carries out the role
of a negotiator in which the Regional
Inspectorate of Kutai Barat Regency
participates directly in negotiating
activities with other organizations and
individuals.
The role of the leader in the informational
role (the role of the source of information)
Monitor and dessiminator: the role
of receiving information is very diverse,
serves as a nerve center for external
information in the organization and
transmits information received from
outside or from other subordinates to
members of the organization.
In this role, the Regional
Inspectorate of Kutai Barat Regency
carries out its role as a monitor and
dessiminator where the Regional
Inspectorate of Kutai Barat Regency
sorts out information from outside the
organization and provides information
that can be useful for the institution to
be conveyed to its employees.
Interviews about monitors and
dessiminators According to the
Regional Inspectorate Staff of West
Kutai Regency said that:
"He always monitors or collects
information from his employees such as
directly asking us and if the information
is considered important for the
organization he immediately tells all of
us or tells us to pass it on to other
friends." (Interview on April 13, 2022)
From the interview excerpts, it can
be seen that by carrying out the role of
monitor and dessiminator, the Regional
Inspectorate of Kutai Barat Regency can
know the state of the institution well
and can know directly internal
problems in employees so that it is
beneficial for the morale of the
employees.
1810 | The Role of Leadership In Increasing Employee Morale at The Regional Inspectorate of
West Kutai Regency
The results of the study indicate that
the role of the leader is informational as
measured by the role of the leader as a
monitor is quite good. It is proven that
the Inspectorate of the Regional
Inspectorate of West Kutai Regency is
able to carry out a role as a monitor on
every activity. And from the role of an
informational leader as measured by
the leader's role as an information
provider, it is quite good. This can be
seen in conveying information from
outside into the organization, and
information coming from subordinates
or staff to other subordinates or staff.
Spoke person: a role that transmits
information to the outside about the
organization's plans, policies, actions,
and results; serves as a guide regarding
organizational morale.
In the role of the spoke person, the
leader is expected to be able to convey
information about his organization to
outside organizations.
Interview about the spoke person.
According to an employee of the
Regional Inspectorate of West Kutai
Regency said that:
"He usually conveys to other
organizations about the Regional
Inspectorate of West Kutai Regency
when he is invited as a speaker or
presenter in the organization he must
convey the plans, policies, and work
spirit of the organization." (Interview on
April 13, 2022)
From the interview excerpt, it can be
ascertained that the Inspectorate of the
Regional Inspectorate of West Kutai
Regency carries out the role of the
spoke person in this role.
Employee Work Spirit
Morale or work performance
(performance) is defined as an
expression of ability based on
knowledge, attitudes, skills and
motivation in producing something.
Thus, work spirit is something that is
done or a product or service produced
by a person or group, how is the quality
of work, accuracy and neatness of work,
assignments and fields of work, use and
maintenance of equipment, initiative
and creativity, discipline, and
enthusiasm for work. Employee morale
can also be realized through several
factors, namely: cooperation, initiative,
responsibility, discipline, quality of
work/results.
From the results of the study, it can
be concluded that the morale of the
employees of the Regional Inspectorate
of Kutai Barat Regency has increased
and is quite well implemented by the
employees. The problem of morale
always gets attention in management
because it is closely related to the
productivity of the institution or
organization. In this regard, the effort
to conduct an assessment of Work
Morale is very important. It is
recognized that many people are able
but not willing, so it still does not
produce optimal work spirit. Likewise,
many people want but cannot afford it
and still do not produce any work spirit.
CONCLUSIONS
Based on the research, it can be
concluded that the Inspectorate of the
Regional Inspectorate of West Kutai
Dewi Viayanti Mala, Agustinus Djiu, Musmuliadi | 1811
Regency has directly or indirectly provided
decision making to its members so that
their employees can find out from what has
been given by the Regional Inspectorate of
Kutai Barat Regency in order to increase
employee morale at the Regional
Inspectorate Office of West Kutai Regency,
which is carried out The Inspectorate of the
Regional Inspectorate of West Kutai
Regency in making policies for his
employees, namely the Regional
Inspectorate of the West Kutai Regency
Inspectorate always leaves the initial office
of his employees and returns to the last
office of his employees. As the Inspectorate
of the Regional Inspectorate of West Kutai
Regency, they are not forced, meaning that
they can see what the Regional
Inspectorate of Kutai Barat Regency has
given their subordinates to participate in
achieving common goals. The Inspectorate
of the Regional Inspectorate of West Kutai
Regency carries out an interpersonal role
(personal role) able to provide continuous
assistance and is able to facilitate the
smooth running of activities in order to
speed up a process to achieve certain
outputs. What the Inspectorate of the
Regional Inspectorate of Kutai Barat
Regency does as a facilitator, if the team
has communication difficulties, the
Inspectorate of the Regional Inspectorate
of Kutai Barat Regency as a leader will go
directly to the relevant departments. And it
is supported by his subordinates because it
is not just anyone and as the Inspectorate
of the Regional Inspectorate of West Kutai
Regency will map out who has the
potential, because it will use sources of
funds, resources and time. The Inspectorate
of the Regional Inspectorate of West Kutai
Regency as a leader is able to manage
these existing resources effectively and
efficiently in order to achieve
organizational goals. The Inspectorate of
the Regional Inspectorate of West Kutai
Regency as an informational role (the role
of the source of information) asks structural
officials for opinions, after getting the same
decision then all employees will contribute,
so that there is a contribution in making
that decision. As the Inspectorate of the
Regional Inspectorate of West Kutai
Regency, which is carried out with conflict
management, conflict management is used
to encourage and increase work morale.
What will be done is mediation, bridging
between different interests to unite a good
work spirit in an organization. The factors
that support the implementation of
increasing employee morale are honesty,
integrity, objectivity (impartiality),
independence, capability and willingness to
be invited to move forward.
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