JRSSEM 2022, Vol. 02, No. 3, 273 – 290

E-ISSN: 2807 - 6311, P-ISSN: 2807 - 6494

DOI : 10.36418/jrssem.v2i03.263 https://jrssem.publikasiindonesia.id/index.php/jrssem/index

WATER QUALITY STATUS BASED ON POLLUTION INDEX

TO MEET THE NEEDS OF SANITARY HYGIENIC WATER

FOR COMMUNITIES AROUND LAKE SENTANI IN

JAYAPURA REGENCY

Bambang Suhartawan

1

Alfred B. Alfons

2

Daawia

3

1,2,

Jayapura Science and Technology University, Indonesia

Universitas Cenderawasih, Indonesia

*

e-mail: basuhpapua@gmail.com, alfred_alfons@yahoo.com, daawiasuhartawan@gmail.com

*Correspondence: basuhpapua@gmail.com

Submitted: 28 September 2022 Revised: 15 October 2022 Accepted: 22 October 2022

Abstract: Water is one of the most important elements on earth. Water is needed by all living

things, both humans, plants and animals. Consuming clean and sanitary water is absolutely

necessary to avoid unwanted negative impacts. This research was conducted in February 2022

and aims to determine the status of the water quality of Sentani Lake, Jayapura Regency based

on the pollution index according to the hygienic and sanitary water quality standards

according to the Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia Number: 32

of 2017 concerning Environmental health quality standards and water health requirements for

sanitation hygiene needs, swimming pools, solus per agua and public baths. The study used

15 (fifteen) water pollution parameters, namely: physical parameters (turbidity, color, TDS and

temperature), and chemical parameters (pH, iron, fluoride, hardness, manganese, nitrate,

cyanide, detergent and total pesticides) as well as biological parameters (total coliforms and

E. coli

). The samples in this study were taken from 5 (five) sample points (research stations)

namely the mouths of the Haway, Yabawi, Hobay and Kamwalker Rivers which are the inlet of

Sentani Lake and the headwaters of the Jaifuri River which is the outlet. The results showed

that at stations 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, the pollution index (PIj) was 4.07; 3.10; 2.30; 3.75 and 3.88, all

of which are in the range of values of 1 ≤ PIj ≤ 5 with lightly polluted status. This standard was

based on the Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia Number: 32 of

2017 especially environmental health quality standards and water health requirements for

sanitation hygiene purposes. Th Thus it can be concluded that the water quality status of

Sentani Lake based on the pollution index method is in the lightly polluted category.

Keywords:

Status, index, pollution, Lake, Sentani.

Bambang Suhartawan

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, Alfred B. Alfons

2

, Daawia

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| 274

INTRODUCTION

Water is one of the components of the

environment that is very important for

development and growth not only for

humans, but also for other living things .

Especially for humans, in daily life, water is

used for drinking, cooking, bathing,

washing and for other needs such as

farming and growing fish for farmers or

other activities. The high population

growth has resulted in not all components

of society being able to enjoy clean water.

In terms of public health, the need for water

for sanitary hygiene purposes, swimming

pools, SPA, and public baths must meet the

quality requirements so that public health

is guaranteed. Good use of water is in

accordance with its designation based on

water quality status in accordance with the

regulation of the state minister of the

environment number: 115 of 2003

concerning Guidelines for Determining

Water Quality Status. (Alihar, 2018, p. 68)

(Alihar, 2018, p. 68) (Literate & Indonesia,

2020).

The availability of water on Earth is

always permanent, meaning that it does

not experience additions or subtractions

because water undergoes a hydrological

cycle and only it changes its forms.

Although the amount of water on Earth is

always fixed, the quality of water changes

along with the growth of the number of

human populations and the activities that

accompany them. The Pollution Index (IP)

is determined for an allotment, then it can

be developed for several designations for

all parts of a body of water or part of a River.

The Pollution Index (IP) includes various

groups of independent and meaningful

quality parameters. Water quality on the

basis of the Pollution Index (IP) can provide

input to decision makers in order to assess

the quality of water bodies for an allotment

and take actions to improve quality if there

is a decrease in quality due to the presence

of polluting compounds, in addition to

water for Sanitary Hygiene Purposes is

water of a certain quality used for daily

purposes which quality is different from the

quality of drinking (Storet, 2016, p. 9)

(Storet, 2016, p. 9)(Literate & Indonesia,

2020).

Water quality is a condition of water

quality that is measured and or tested

based on certain parameters and certain

methods of applicable laws and

regulations. Water quality status is the level

of water quality conditions that indicate

polluted conditions or good conditions of

the water source within a certain time by

comparing to the established water quality,

while healthy environmental quality is

determined through the achievement or

fulfillment of Environmental Health Quality

Standards and Health Requirements

(Storet, 2016, p. 2) (Storet, 2016, p. 2)

(Literate & Indonesia, 2020).

Environmental Health Quality

Standards for Water media for Sanitary

Hygiene Purposes include physical,

biological, and chemical parameters that

can be both mandatory parameters and

additional parameters. Mandatory

parameters are parameters that must be

periodically checked in accordance with the

275 | Water Quality Status Based on Pollution Index to Meet The Needs of Sanitary Hygienic

Water For Communities Around Lake Sentani In Jayapura Regency

provisions of laws and regulations, while

additional parameters are only required to

be checked if geohydrological conditions

indicate the presence of potential pollution

related to additional parameters. Water for

Sanitary Hygiene Purposes is used for the

maintenance of individual hygiene such as

bathing and toothbrushes, as well as for the

purposes of washing foodstuffs, cutlery,

and clothing. In addition, Water for Sanitary

Hygiene Purposes can be used as raw

drinking water (Literate & Indonesia, 2020).

Geographically, Sentani Lake is located

in Jayapura Regency at coordinates

140⁰23'-140⁰50' BT and 2⁰31'-2⁰41' LS.

Sentani Lake is located in the south of

Sentani City which is the capital of

Jayapura . This lake has an area of about

9,630 ha and is located at an altitude of 72

m above sea level. Sentani lake has 5 Rivers

as its inlet, namely the Hawai, Yamolo,

Klandeli, Dofroko and Hobay and has one

discharge (outlet) namely the Jaifuri River

with a water discharge of 8,024 m(Syariz,

2015, p. 2) (Burhanuddin et al., 2018, pp.

VIII–56)

3

/s. The closest distance between

the inlet and the outlet is 28 km

2

with a

stationary time of 5 to 7 days. The excessive

utilization and lack of maintenance of the

Sentani lake are the causes of a decline in

water quality. These conditions have been

created pollution, sedimentation and other

damages. Pollution of the waters of Sentani

Lake is caused by the discharge of domestic

waste of residential areas around the lake

and discharges (oil from diesel power

station, hospital waste discharges, and so

on) In their daily lives, the people on the

outskirts of Sentani Lake use the lake as a

place to catch fish and also as a recreational

place, besides that they also use it to meet

the needs of Sanitary Hygiene such as MCK

(bathing, washing and latrines). Its use for

Sanitary Hygiene should meet the

requirements set forth in the Regulation of

the Minister of Health of the Republic of

Indonesia Number: 32 of 2017 concerning

Environmental health quality standards and

water health requirements for the purposes

of sanitary hygiene, swimming pools, solus

per agua and public baths (Syariz, 2015, p.

2).

The first purpose of this study is to

determine water quality of Sentani Lake in

terms of physical, chemical and biological

parameters and encode it with Sanitary

Hygiene Water Quality Standards. The

second purpose is to determine the water

quality status of Sentani Lake based on

Sanitary Hygiene Water Quality Standards.

The benefits of this research result as

information material to the coastal

community of Sentani Lake as water users

for Sanitary Hygiene. As input to the

Regional Governments of Jayapura

Regency and Jayapura City in the context of

better management of lake water.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

This type of research carried out is a

type of experimental research with tests

inside the laboratory and at the site of

research on water based on the test

Bambang Suhartawan

1

, Alfred B. Alfons

2

, Daawia

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| 276

paremater or parameters studied. While

the type of data obtained is primary data is

quantitative from water quality parameters.

Water samples that have been taken are

then tested on water quality parameters by

methods according to SNI 06-2412-199.

Water quality data that has been obtained

and in accordance with the parameters

studied are then carried out treatment and

analysis in accordance with the provisions

of the Decree of the Minister of

Environment of the Republic of Indonesia

Number: 115 of 2003 concerning

Guidelines for Determining Water Quality

Status (Directorate General Source Power Air

Department Work Common, 2009).

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Sentani Lake Water Quality

Guided by the Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia Number

32 of 2017, environmental health quality standards and water health requirements for sanitary

hygiene purposes are 6 mandatory parameters of physics, 10 mandatory parameters of

chemistry and 2 mandatory parameters of biology. Sanitary water can also be used to meet

the needs of drinking water.

Discussion of Physics Index Parameters:

Table 1. Water Quality Test Results of Sentani Lake Water Physics Parameters

No

Parameter

Research Station

I

(Haway)

II

(Yabawi)

III

(Hobay)

IV

(Waena)

In

(Jaifuri)

Quality

Standards

1

Turbidity

210

21

67

34

189

25

2

Color

36

25

57

61

18

50

3

TDS

121

189

682

1.989

98

1.000

4

Temperature

30,6

29,90

29,40

29,10

31,80

27-33

5

Taste

Not

Feeling

Not

Feeling

Not

Feeling

Not

Feeling

Not

Feeling

Not

Feeling

6

Construction

Odorless

Odorles

s

Odorless

Odorles

s

Odorless

The results of the physical parameters test

in table 1 can be further elaborated by

comparing them with sanitary hygiene

water quality standards in accordance with

Health Ministry Regulation Number 32 of

2017 as follows.

277 | Water Quality Status Based on Pollution Index to Meet The Needs of Sanitary Hygienic

Water For Communities Around Lake Sentani In Jayapura Regency

1. Turbidity

Figure 1. Diagram of Sentani Lake Water Turbidity Index Parameter

As per table 6 mentioned above, it can

be explained that the permitted Water

Quality Standard is a maximum of 25 NTU,

thus only at station II (the mouth of the

Yabawi River) that meets the requirement of

21 NTU. While at Station I (the mouth of the

Haway River) the turbidity level is the

highest at 210 NTU. This high level of

turbidity is due to erosion and landslides

that occur due to rain in the Cycloops

Mountain area.

2. Color

Figure 2. Diagram of Sentani Lake Water Color Index Parameter

The maximum limit of color parameter

values allowed by the Minister of Health of

the Republic of Indonesia Number 32 of

2017 is 50 TCU. There are two stations that

obtained color parameter values exceeding

the maximum limit, namely station III (the

mouth of the Hobay River) of 57 TCU due

to illegal gold panning waste by the

community and station IV (the mouth of

the Kamwalker Waena River) of 61 TCU

which is due to domestic waste from the

settlement of P erumnas 1 and also waste

from slaughterhouses in the Yoka area. The

test results also showed that at the V

station (upstream of the Jaifuri Yoka River)

showed that the color quality had improved

by 18 TCU, this is because the length of

time the water stays 5-7 days causes

particles that cause the color to decompose

and settle so that the water is clearer.

St-I St-II St-III St-IV St-v Baku

(Haway) (Yabawi) (Hobay) (Waena) (Jaifuri) Mutu

210

21

67

34

189

25

St-I St-II St-III St-IV St-v Baku

(Haway) (Yabawi) (Hobay) (Waena) (Jaifuri) Mutu

36

25

57

61

18

50

Quality

standard

Quality

standard

Bambang Suhartawan

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, Daawia

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| 278

3. Total Dissolved Solids (TDS)

Figure 3 : Diagram of Sentani Lake Water TDS Index Parameters

It appears in table 8 that for the parameters of Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), station IV (the

mouth of the Kamwalker Waena River) obtained the highest value of 1,989 mg / L while

the maximum allowable Water Quality Standard was 1,000 mg / L. This condition is due to

the presence of domestic waste and particles of solutes from the Kamwalker River. As for

the other stations, they meet the requirements when compared to sanitary hygienic water

quality standards.

4. Temperature

Figure 4. Diagram of Sentani Lake Water Temperature Index Parameter

The results of the temperature parameter

test for all stations still meet the

requirements of sanitary hygienic water

quality standards. The air temperature of

the study site is 30

o

C for a range of ± 3

o

C,

then the allowable temperature ranges

from 27

o

C to 33

o

C.

5. Taste

For the taste index parameters of all

stations the water is tasteless, thus meeting

the requirements as sanitary hygienic

drinking water raw water.

St-I St-II St-III St-IV St-v Baku

(Haway) (Yabawi) (Hobay) (Waena) (Jaifuri) Mutu

121

189

682

1989

98

1000

St-I St-II St-III St-IV St-v Baku B Baku A

(Haway) (Yabawi) (Hobay) (Waena) (Jaifuri) Mutu Mutu

30.6

29.9

29.4

29.1

31.8

27.0

33.0

Quality

standard

Quality

standard

279 | Water Quality Status Based on Pollution Index to Meet The Needs of Sanitary Hygienic

Water For Communities Around Lake Sentani In Jayapura Regency

6. Construction

Likewise, the odor parameters of all stations

give the result that the water is odorless

which means it also meets the

requirements of sanitary hygienic water.

Discussion of Chemical Index Parameters:

Table 2. Chemical Parameters Water Quality Test Results of Sentani Lake

No

Parameter

Research Station

I

(Haway)

II

(Yabawi)

III

(Hobay)

IV

(Waena)

In

(Jaifuri)

Quality

Standards

1

pH

7,90

8,10

7,30

8,70

7,60

6,5-8,5

2

Iron

0,06

0,37

0,33

0,05

1,00

3

Flourida

0,23

0,14

0,13

0,16

0,11

1,50

4

Hardness

347

329

412

341

216

500

5

Manganese

0,01

0,03

0,01

0,02

0,01

0,50

6

Nitrate

0,04

0,46

0,60

0,32

1,05

10,00

7

Nitrite

0,07

0,22

0,42

0,12

1,00

8

Cyanide

0,04

0,07

0,03

0,06

0,04

0,10

9

Detergent

0,19

0,03

0,13

0,08

0,06

0,05

10

Total

Pesticides

0,03

0,06

0,01

0,03

0,1

The test results of the 10 chemical

parameters in table 10 will then be further

elaborated by comparing them with

sanitary hygiene water quality standards in

accordance with the Regulation of the

Minister of Health Number 32 of 2017 as

follows:

1. pH

Figure 5. Diagram of Sentani Lake Water pH Index Parameter

In figure 6 mentioned above it appears that

station IV (the mouth of the Kamwalker

Waena River) the pH of the water is 8.7

above the threshold value of 8.5. This

St-I St-II St-III St-IV St-V Baku B Baku A

(Haway)(Yabawi)(Hobay) (Waena) (Jaifuri) Mutu Mutu

7.9

8.1

7.3

8.7

7.6

6.5

8.5

Quality

standard

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, Alfred B. Alfons

2

, Daawia

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| 280

condition is due to the presence of waste

from the Slaughterhouse in Yoka Village.

While for the other stations, they meet the

requirements of sanitary hygienic water

quality standards.

2. Iron

Figure 6. Diagram of Sentani Lake Water Iron Index Parameter

The maximum iron content for sanitary

hygienic water is 1 mg / L, while the water

test results at all stations are less than 1

mg/L. Thus for all its water stations it

qualifies as sanitary hygienic raw water.

3. Flourida

Figure 7. Diagram of Sentani Lake Water Flouride Index Parameter

Similar to iron parameters, all stations

obtained flouride content well below the

sanitary hygiene water quality standard

threshold of 1.5 mg/L. Thus the lake water

at all stations is qualified as sanitary

hygienic drinking water raw wate.

4. Hardness

Figure 8. Diagram of Sentani Lake Water Hardness Index Parameter

St-I St-II St-III St-IV St-V Baku

(Haway)(Yabawi) (Hobay) (Waena) (Jaifuri) Mutu

0.06 0.06

0.37

0.33

0.05

1

St-I St-II St-III St-IV St-v Baku

(Haway) (Yabawi) (Hobay) (Waena) (Jaifuri) Mutu

0.23

0.14

0.13

0.16

0.11

1.5

St-I St-II St-III St-IV St-v Baku

(Haway) (Yabawi) (Hobay) (Waena) (Jaifuri) Mutu

347

329

412

341

216

500

Quality

standard

Quality

standard

Quality

standard

281 | Water Quality Status Based on Pollution Index to Meet The Needs of Sanitary Hygienic

Water For Communities Around Lake Sentani In Jayapura Regency

DOI : 10.36418/jrssem.v2i03.263 https://jrssem.publikasiindonesia.id/index.php/jrssem/index

Figure 9 provides information that for the

hardness parameters all stations qualify as

sanitary water hygiene, this is because their

hardness is below the threshold of 500

mg/L.

5. Manganese

Figure 9. Diagram of Sentani Lake Water Manganese Index Parameter

The maximum manganese content of

sanitary hygienic water is 0.5 mg/L, while

the results of the sentani lake water test in

all stations obtained results much smaller

than the threshold value. Thus it can be said

that for manganese parameters, lake water

in Sentani qualifies as sanitary hygienic raw

water.

6. Nitrate

7.

Figure 10. Diagram of Sentani lake Nitrate-N Index Parameters

Likewise, for the Nitrate – N parameter, the

maximum quality standard is 10 mg / L,

while the water test results in all stations

obtain results much smaller than the

threshold limit of 10 mg / L. Thus lake water

Sentani for the Nitrate–N parameter

qualifies as sanitary hygienic wate

St-I St-II St-III St-IV St-v Baku

(Haway)(Yabawi) (Hobay) (Waena) (Jaifuri) Mutu

0.01

0.03

0.01

0.02

0.01

0.5

St-I St-II St-III St-IV St-v Baku

(Haway) (Yabawi) (Hobay) (Waena) (Jaifuri) Mutu

0.04

0.46

0.6

0.32

1.05

10

Quality

standard

Quality

standard

Bambang Suhartawan

1

, Alfred B. Alfons

2

, Daawia

3

| 282

8. Nitrite

Figure 11. Diagram of Sentani Lake Water Nitrite-N Index Parameter

Figure 12 it appears that for the nitrite-

N parameters at all stations are well below

the sanitary hygiene raw water threshold

limit of 1 mg/L. This shows that sentani lake

water for nitrite parameters qualifies as

sanitary hygiene water.

9. Cyanide

Figure 12. Diagram of Sentani Lake Water Cyanide Index Parameter

The cyanide index parameter of

sanitary hygienic raw water is 0.1 mg / L,

while the results of the sentani lake water

quality test against the cyanide parameter

give results far below the threshold limit, so

it can be said that Sentani lake water for

cyanide parameters qualifies as sanitary

hygienic water.

10. Detergent

Figure 13. Diagram of Sentani Lake Water Detergent Index Parameter

St-I St-II St-III St-IV St-v Baku

(Haway) (Yabawi) (Hobay) (Waena) (Jaifuri) Mutu

0.07

0.22 0.22

0.42

0.12

1

St-I St-II St-III St-IV St-v Baku

(Haway) (Yabawi) (Hobay) (Waena) (Jaifuri) Mutu

0.04

0.07

0.03

0.06

0.04

0.1

St-I St-II St-III St-IV St-v Baku

(Haway)(Yabawi) (Hobay) (Waena) (Jaifuri) Mutu

0.19

0.03

0.13

0.08

0.06

0.05

Quality

standard

Quality

standard

Quality

standard

283 | Water Quality Status Based on Pollution Index to Meet The Needs of Sanitary Hygienic

Water For Communities Around Lake Sentani In Jayapura Regency

Except at station II (the mouth of the

Yabawi River) the detergent index

parameter exceeds the threshold limit of

0.05 mg / L. Even at station I the level

reaches 0.19 mg / L, followed by station III

of 0.13 mg / L then stations IV and V. Thus

Sentani Lake water generally the detergent

content exceeds the threshold allowed by

the Minister of Health of the Republic of

Indonesia Number 32 of 2017. This

condition is due to the large use of

detergents for washing purposes by people

who live on the shores of Sentani Lake, even

the burden of pollutants from Rivers

flowing into Sentani Lake is quite high.

11. Total Pesticides

Figure 14. Diagram of Sentani Lake Total Pesticide Index Parameter

At the figure 15 above It appears that the

total pesticide content at all stations is still

far below the threshold limit of 0.1 mg /L.

Thus for the total pesticide parameters the

Sentani Lake water qualifies as sanitary

hygienic water.

Discussion of Biological Index Parameters:

Table 3. Biological Parameters Water Quality Test Results of Sentani Lake

No

Parameter

Research Station

I

(Haway)

II

(Yabawi)

III

(Hobay)

IV

(Waena)

In

(Jaifuri)

Quality

Standards

1

Total

coliform

245

231

38

341

210

50

2

E. coli

67

12

23

46

37

0

St-I St-II St-III St-IV St-v Baku

(Haway) (Yabawi) (Hobay) (Waena) (Jaifuri) Mutu

0.03

0.06

0.01

0.03 0.03

0.1

Quality

standard

Bambang Suhartawan

1

, Alfred B. Alfons

2

, Daawia

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| 284

1. Total coliform

Figure 15. Diagram of Sentani Lake Total Coliform Index Parameter

The total coliform data listed in table

22 shows that, only Sentani Lake water at

station III (the mouth of the Hobay River)

qualifies as sanitary hygienic raw water,

while at the other 4 stations the total

coliform index parameter is higher than the

threshold limit of 50 CFU / 100 mL. The high

parameters of the total coliform index at

station I, station II and station IV are due to

the presence of domestic waste that is

directly discharged into Sentani Lake.

Likewise, at station V (Sentani Lake outlet)

the total coliform content is still quite high.

2.

E. coli

Figure 16. Diagram of Sentani Lake

Escherichia coli

Index Parameter

For sanitary hygiene purposes, water

should be free from

Escherichia coli

or

E.

coli

or

E. coli

content equal to 0. However,

the test results showed that all stations had

E. coli

, even at station I (the mouth of the

Haway River) the content was quite high,

then station IV, station V, station III and

station II. The content of

E. coli

is due to the

presence of human and animal fecal waste

which is directly spiked into the waters of

Sentani Lake.

Water Quality Status of Sentani Lake

The following description will be presented about the results of the calculation of the

water quality status of Sentani Lake at 5 (five) stations (location points) and the comparison of

water quality stauses to five stations (location points) and their discussion.

St-I St-II St-III St-IV St-v Baku

(Haway)(Yabawi)(Hobay) (Waena) (Jaifuri) Mutu

245

231

38

341

210

50

St-I St-II St-III St-IV St-v Baku

(Haway) (Yabawi) (Hobay) (Waena) (Jaifuri) Mutu

67

12

23

46

37

0

Quality

standard

Quality

standard

285 | Water Quality Status Based on Pollution Index to Meet The Needs of Sanitary Hygienic

Water For Communities Around Lake Sentani In Jayapura Regency

Table 4. Water Quality Status of Sentani Lake at Station 1

No

Parameter

C

i

L

ix

Unit

C

and

/L

ix

C

i

/L

ix

(new)

1

Turbidity

210

25

NTU

8,40

5,62

2

Color

36

50

TCU

0,72

3

TDS

121

1.000

mg/L

0,12

4

Temperature

30,6

30

oC

1,02

1,04

5

pH

7,9

7,5

-

1,05

1,11

6

Iron

0,06

1

mg/L

0,06

7

Flourida

0,23

1,5

mg/L

0,15

8

Hardness

347

500

mg/L

0,69

9

Manganese

0,01

0,5

mg/L

0,02

10

N-nitrate

0,04

10

mg/L

0,00

11

Nitrite-N

0,07

1

mg/L

0,07

12

Cyanide

0,04

0,1

mg/L

0,40

13

Detergent

0,19

0,05

mg/L

3,80

3,90

14

Total

Pesticides

0,03

0,1

mg/L

0,30

15

Coliform Total

245

50

CFU/100 mL

4,90

4,45

Sum

18,67

Average

1,24

Maximum

5,62

PIj

4,07

Information

(water quality status)

Lightly polluted

(slightly polluted)

The results of the analysis of 15 parameters

from station 1 (the mouth of the Haway

River in Sentani City) obtained a pollution

index (PIj) of 4.07. This value is in

accordance with the Regulation of the

Minister of Environment of the Republic of

Indonesia Number 115 of 2003 concerning

Guidelines for Water Quality Status in index

class 1 ≤ PIj ≤ 5, which means that the

category is lightly polluted. There are 3

parameters that exceed the threshold

value, namely turbidity, total coliform and

detergent due to the large amount of

erosion that occurs along the River and

high (domestic) home waste disposal in the

form of feces and others.

Table 5. Water Quality Status of Sentani Lake at Station Kampung Harapan Sentani

No

Parameter

C

i

L

ix

Unit

C

and

/L

ix

C

i

/L

ix

(new)

1

Turbidity

21

25

NTU

0,84

2

Color

25

50

TCU

0,50

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| 286

3

TDS

189

1.000

mg/L

0,19

4

Temperature

29,9

30

oC

1,00

0,99

5

pH

8,1

7,5

-

1,08

1,17

6

Iron

0,06

1

mg/L

0,06

7

Flourida

0,14

1,5

mg/L

0,09

8

Hardness

329

500

mg/L

0,66

9

Manganese

0,03

0,5

mg/L

0,06

10

Nitrate

0,46

10

mg/L

0,05

11

Nitrite

0,22

1

mg/L

0,22

12

Cyanide

0,07

0,1

mg/L

0,70

13

Detergent

0,03

0,05

mg/L

0,60

14

Total Pesticides

0,06

0,1

mg/L

0,60

15

Coliform Total

231

50

CFU/100 mL

4,62

4,32

Sum

11,05

Average

0,74

Maximum

4,32

PIj

3,10

Information

(water quality status)

Lightly polluted

(slightly polluted)

The results of the analysis of 15

parameters from station 2 (the mouth of

the Yabawi River in Kampung Harapan)

obtained a pollution index (PIj) of 3.10. This

value is in accordance with the Regulation

of the Minister of Environment of the

Republic of Indonesia Number 115 of 2003

concerning Guidelines for Water Quality

Status is in index class 1 < PIj ≤ 5, which

means that the category is lightly polluted.

There is 1 parameter that exceeds the

threshold value, namely the total coliform

where the coastal communities of the lake

dump their domestic waste directly into the

lake.

Table 6. Water Quality Status of Sentani Lake at Station 3

No

Parameter

C

i

L

ix

Unit

C

and

/L

ix

C

i

/L

ix

(new)

1

Turbidity

67

25

NTU

2,68

3,14

2

Color

57

50

TCU

1,14

1,28

3

TDS

682

1.000

mg/L

0,68

4

Temperature

29,4

30

oC

0,98

5

pH

7,3

7,5

-

0,97

6

Iron

0,37

1

mg/L

0,37

7

Flourida

0,13

1,5

mg/L

0,09

8

Hardness

412

500

mg/L

0,82

287 | Water Quality Status Based on Pollution Index to Meet The Needs of Sanitary Hygienic

Water For Communities Around Lake Sentani In Jayapura Regency

9

Manganese

0,01

0,5

mg/L

0,02

10

Nitrate

0,6

10

mg/L

0,06

11

Nitrite

0,22

1

mg/L

0,22

12

Cyanide

0,03

0,1

mg/L

0,30

13

Detergent

0,13

0,05

mg/L

2,60

3,07

14

Total Pesticides

0,01

0,1

mg/L

0,10

15

Coliform Total

38

50

CFU/100 mL

0,76

Sum

12,88

Average

0,86

Maximum

3,14

PIj

2,30

Information

(water quality status)

Lightly polluted

(slightly polluted)

The results of the analysis of 15 parameters

from station 3 (the mouth of the Hobay

River) obtained a pollution index (PIj) of

2.30. This value is in accordance with the

Regulation of the Minister of Environment

of the Republic of Indonesia Number 115 of

2003 concerning Guidelines for Water

Quality Status in index class 1 ≤ PIj ≤ 5,

which means that the category is lightly

polluted. There are two parameters that

exceed the threshold value, namely

turbidity and color, which is due to the large

number of people doing gold panning

downstream of the River whose waste is

discharged into the River, the River water is

slightly brownish, but the community still

uses it for bathing and washing.

Table 7. Water Quality Status of Sentani Lake at Station 4

No

Parameter

C

i

L

ix

Unit

C

and

/L

ix

C

i

/L

ix

(new)

1

Turbidity

34

25

NTU

1,36

1,67

2

Color

61

50

TCU

1,22

1,43

3

TDS

1.989

1.000

mg/L

1,99

2,49

4

Temperature

29,1

30

oC

0,97

5

pH

8,7

7,5

-

1,16

1,32

6

Iron

0,33

1

mg/L

0,33

7

Flourida

0,16

1,5

mg/L

0,11

8

Hardness

341

500

mg/L

0,68

9

Manganese

0,02

0,5

mg/L

0,04

10

Nitrate

0,32

10

mg/L

0,03

11

Nitrite

0,42

1

mg/L

0,42

12

Cyanide

0,06

0,1

mg/L

0,60

13

Detergent

0,08

0,05

mg/L

1,60

2,02

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14

Total Pesticides

0,03

0,1

mg/L

0,30

15

Coliform Total

341

50

CFU/100 mL

6,82

5,17

Sum

17,59

Average

1,17

Maximum

5,17

PIj

3,75

Information

(water quality status)

Lightly polluted

(slightly polluted)

The results of the analysis of 15 parameters

from station 4 (the mouth of the Kamwaker

Waena River) obtained a pollution index

(PIj) of 3.75. This value is in accordance with

the Regulation of the Minister of

Environment of the Republic of Indonesia

Number 115 of 2003 concerning Guidelines

for Water Quality Status in index class 1 ≤

PIj ≤ 5, which means that the category is

lightly polluted. There are 6 (five)

parameters that exceed the threshold

value, namely turbidity, color, TDS, pH,

detergent and total coliform due to the

presence of domestic waste from the

Waena Settlement which is quite densely

populated and the existence of a

Slaughterhouse in Yoka Village, but can still

be used to meet the needs of Sanitary

Hygiene water.

Table 8. Water Quality Status of Sentani Lake at Station 5

No

Parameter

C

i

L

ix

Unit

C

and

/L

ix

C

i

/L

ix

(new)

1

Turbidity

189

25

NTU

7,56

5,39

2

Color

18

50

TCU

0,36

3

TDS

98

1.000

mg/L

0,10

4

Temperature

31,8

30

oC

1,06

1,13

5

pH

7,6

7,5

-

1,01

1,03

6

Iron

0,05

1

mg/L

0,05

7

Flourida

0,11

1,5

mg/L

0,07

8

Hardness

216

500

mg/L

0,43

9

Manganese

0,01

0,5

mg/L

0,02

10

Nitrate

1,05

10

mg/L

0,11

11

Nitrite

0,12

1

mg/L

0,12

12

Cyanide

0,04

0,1

mg/L

0,40

289 | Water Quality Status Based on Pollution Index to Meet The Needs of Sanitary Hygienic

Water For Communities Around Lake Sentani In Jayapura Regency

13

Detergent

0,06

0,05

mg/L

1,20

1,40

14

Total Pesticides

0,03

0,1

mg/L

0,30

15

Coliform Total

210

50

CFU/100 mL

4,20

4,12

Sum

15,02

Average

1,00

Maximum

5,39

PI

j

3,88

Information

(water quality status)

Lightly polluted

(slightly polluted)

The results of the analysis of 15 parameters

from station 5 (the mouth of the Jaifuri

River) obtained a pollution index (PIj) of

3.88. This value is in accordance with the

Regulation of the Minister of Environment

of the Republic of Indonesia Number 115 of

2003 concerning Guidelines for Water

Quality Status in index class 1 ≤ PIj ≤ 5,

which means that the category is lightly

polluted. There are 3 (three) parameters

that exceed the threshold value, namely

turbidity, total coliform and detergent

which is due to the large number of people

using water in the River outlet area for

washing and bathing.

A comparison of the pollution index

(PIj) to the five Sentani Lake research

stations can be seen in the following figure.

Figure 17. Diagram of Pollution index (PIj) of Sentani Lake

At the figure 17, it can be seen that the five pollution indices (PIj) of the five stations are in

accordance with the Regulation of the Minister of the Environment of the Republic of Indonesia

Stasiun 1

(Haway)

Stasiun 2

(Yabawi)

Stasiun 3

(Hobay)

Stasiun 4

(Waena)

Stasiun 5

(Jaifuri)

4.07

3.1

2.3

3.75

3.88

Bambang Suhartawan

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, Alfred B. Alfons

2

, Daawia

3

| 290

Number 115 of 2003 concerning Guidelines for Water Quality Status with the pollution index

having a light polluted quality status.

CONCLUSIONS

The water quality of Sentani Lake can still

be used to meet the needs of Sanitary

Hygiene (bathing and washing), but some

pollution parameters have exceeded the

threshold value. Based on the Ministry of

Environment of the Republic of Indonesia

Number: 115 of 2003, the Sentani Lake

water pollution index at all research

stations is at a value of 1.0 ≤ PIj ≤ 5.0 which

means it is lightly polluted.

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