JRSSEM 2022, Vol. 01, No. 10, 1742 – 1747

E-ISSN: 2807 - 6311, P-ISSN: 2807 - 6494

DOI : 10.36418/jrssem.v1i10.184 https://jrssem.publikasiindonesia.id/index.php/jrssem/index

EFFECTIVENESS OF GROUP ACTIVITY THERAPY: "

FAMILY

GATHERING

", TO ENSURE FAMILY IN CARING FOR

HOUSING DISORDERS AND PREVENTING HEALTH

Wien Soelistyo Adi

Sri Eny Setyowati

Elisa

1,2

Politeknik Kesehatan Kemenkes Semarang

e-mail: soelistyoadi_wien@poltekkes-smg.ac.id1, enygus@yahoo.com

elisa_maulana@ymail.com

*Correspondence: soelistyoadi_wien@poltekkes-smg.ac.id,

Submitted: 24 April 2022, Revised: 11 May 2022, Accepted: 20 May 2022

Abstract. Mental health problems in the community originate from three main things. The first is

the public's understanding of the lack of knowledge about mental disorders, the second is the

stigma about mental disorders that develops in the community and the last is the uneven

distribution of mental health services. The purpose of this study was to apply Group Activity

Therapy: "Family Gathering", to empower families in dealing with mental disorders at home and

preventing relapses. The research method is a quasi-experimental design pre post intervention

sample taken from families who have members with mental disorders in the city of Semarang with

a total of 30 respondents. The results of the research analysis using the pair T test with statistical

test results as follows: the details of the variables before and after the intervention are as follows:

knowledge of P value of 0.787 no difference, P value of attitude 0.489 no difference, self-efficacy P

value of 0.018 no difference, family role P value 0.000 there is a difference, independence. P value

0.813 no difference. So it can be concluded that the application of Group Activity Therapy: "Family

Gathering", to maintain family care in treating mental disorders at home and preventing recurrence,

namely from knowledge of attitude and independence there was an increase but not significant

with P value > 0.005, while self-efficacy and mentoring family there is a significant difference with

the P value <0.05.

Keywords: family gathering; family; independence; recurrence

Wien Soelistyo Adi, Sri Eny Setyowati, Elisa

| 1743

DOI : 10.36418/jrssem.v1i10.184 https://jrssem.publikasiindonesia.id/index.php/jrssem/index

INTRODUCTION

Mental health is an individual's ability

to interact with other people and the

surrounding environment in order to

achieve optimal development by using his

mental abilities (cognition, affection, and

relationships) and consistent with

applicable law (Prayunita, 2015). From this,

if someone has a mental disorder, it will be

difficult or even impossible to interact with

other people and the environment around

them.

Severe mental disorders are mental

disorders characterized by impaired ability

to judge reality or poor insight. Symptoms

that accompany this disorder include

hallucinations, illusions, delusions,

impaired thought processes, thinking

abilities, and strange behavior, such as

aggressiveness or catatonic behavior.

Severe mental disorders are known as

psychosis and one example of psychosis is

schizophrenia.

Severe mental disorders pose a burden

to the government, families and society

due to decreased patient productivity and

ultimately creates a large cost burden for

patients and families. From the

government's point of view, this disruption

costs a lot of health care costs. Until now,

there are still shackles and mistreatment of

patients with severe mental disorders in

Indonesia. This is due to inadequate

treatment and access to mental health

services. One of the efforts made by the

government through the Ministry of Health

is to make Indonesia free from shackles

because shackles and mistreatment are

acts that violate human rights.

Recurrence of mental disorders is one

of the conditions that scourges society, so

sufferers feel alienated and (Rus-Calafell,

Gutiérrez-Maldonado, & Ribas-Sabaté,

2014). (Yunitasari, 2021), reported that 49%

of Schizophrenic patients experienced re-

hospitalization after 1 year of follow-up,

while only 28% of non-Schizophrenic

patients. (Lestari, 2019), reported that

within 6 months after treatment, 30%-40%

of patients had a relapse, whereas after 1

year after treatment 40%-50% of patients

had a relapse, from 3-5 years after

treatment, 65% were found. -75% of

patients experience a relapse (Rahmawati,

2013). Based on the results of the study,

25% to 50% of clients who return home

from the hospital do not take medication

regularly (Rasmun, 2017). Gathering is an

activity for large families, communities or

companies designed to get refreshing

together at a certain time and in one

location, both indoors and outdoors in

order to strengthen kinship, kinship and

friendship. At the present time, there is a lot

of decline in the word about Gathering.

Activities carried out by a company for all

employees and their families are commonly

known as Family Gatherings. Some of the

benefits of family gatherings are in addition

to refreshing families who care for sick

family members as well as reducing family

member conflicts that occur during

treatment. The hope is to create a new spirit

in treating and preventing recurrence.

The family as the closest person to the

client is the main support system in

providing direct service when the client is

at home. Therefore, the family has an

important role in preventing disease

recurrence in mental clients. Seeing the

phenomenon above, the family needs to

1744 | Effectiveness of Group Activity Therapy: "Family Gathering", to Ensure Family in Caring

for Housing Disorders and Preventing Health

have an understanding of how to treat

family members with mental disorders.

The various efforts that have been

made by the government have been

various, however, there are still many

mental disorders that have been declared

cured after being treated in a mental

hospital and then returning home, after

several months or years being treated

again, meaning that the client's recurrence

rate is still very high.

From the various efforts and obstacles

that occur according to the description

above, I intend to try to apply "Group

Activity Therapy (No): "Family Gathering", to

make families and clients independent in

treating mental disorders at home and

preventing recurrence".

METHODS

This research will be conducted in a

quasi-experimental with pretest and

posttest designs. This research was

conducted in Gemah Village in families with

mental disorders in the city of Semarang.

The research sample was taken by sampling

with purposive sampling technique, with a

total of 30 respondents from families with

mental disorders.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

1. Characteristics of Family and

Neighbors

Meanwhile, according to the results

of this study, the characteristics of the

respondents are as follows: the

presentation of the characteristics of

the most respondents with the number

of respondents is 30, with the following

details, the age of the majority of

respondents is 41-60 years, namely

80%, for the majority of education is

high school 15%, while the majority

work is housewives , because all

respondents were female. The

relationship between respondents and

clients with mental disorders is the

majority of neighbors, namely 53.3%,

and the majority of clients have been

sick for 6 to 10 years.

From the data above, the potential

for family and neighbors is still good,

thus it is hoped that with the

characteristics of the existing

respondents, client care can be optimal.

2. Family Knowledge About Treatment

of Mental Disorder Clients at Home

Knowledge is the main aspect to

determine a person's behavior to

realize it or not, as well as to regulate

his own behavior. Know, often becomes

the basis of an action (Sundani, 2020).

The emergence of health problems or

diseases in a person is caused by that

person's behavior. According to (Ama,

Wahyuni, & Kurniawati, 2020), behavior

is all activities or activities carried out by

a person, both in the form of physical

activities that can be observed or

cannot be observed by others.

In the study, the level of knowledge

of respondents about mental disorders

at first was still lacking, it can be seen in

the table that good knowledge before

family gathering was 36.7% while after

family gathering was 40%, there was a

slight increase in the level of knowledge

of respondents. This shows that there is

hope that the treatment will be better,

although it is less significant which is

Wien Soelistyo Adi, Sri Eny Setyowati, Elisa

| 1745

shown by the probability value or p

value of the Paired T test in table 7:

0.787 which means there is no

difference in knowledge about mental

disorders and treatment between

before and after family gathering

treatment, because the value of p value

> 0.05 with 95% confidence value.

3. Attitudes of Families and Clients in

Caring for Mental Disorders

The results of this study show that

the attitude of support before family

gathering is 70% while after family

gathering is 76.7%, there is a slight

increase in the attitude of respondents.

The results of the bivariate analysis are

the probability value or p value of the

Paired T test in table 8 is 0.489 which

means there is no difference in

attitudes towards mental disorders and

treatment between before and after

family gathering treatment, because

the p value > 0.05 with a 95%

confidence value. .

Attitude is the most important concept

in the study of human behavior.

According to Schifman and Kanuk cited

by (Mulyanti & Fachrurrozi, 2017) that

attitude is an expression of feelings

(inner feeling) that reflects whether a

person is happy or not happy, likes or

dislikes and agrees or not with an object.

The object in question can be in the

form of health behavior, especially for

mental disorders. Meanwhile, according

to Alport quoted by (Mulyanti &

Fachrurrozi, 2017) that attitude is a

learned predisposition to respond to an

object or class of objects in a

consistently pleasant or unpleasant

atmosphere. there is an increase to a

positive attitude although slightly from

70% to 76.7% it is hoped that there will

be attention from the neighboring

family in the treatment of mental

disorders.

4. Self Efficacy (Ability) Family Ability,

In Caring For Mental Disorders

Research proves that there is a

relationship between self-efficacy and a

person's healthy behavior. Based on

research conducted by (Hendiarto,

2014), concluded that there is a

relationship between self-efficacy and

healthy behavior. They state that

individuals who have high self-efficacy

tend to have healthier behavior, and

conversely individuals who have low

self-efficacy are more likely to have

unhealthy behavior.

According to the results of this

study, it showed that self-efficacy was

able before family gathering was 56.7%

while after family gathering was 83.3%,

there was an increase in self-efficacy

which was quite good. While the results

of the bivariate analysis are the

probability value or the p value of the

Paired T test on 9 above is 0.018, which

means that there is a difference in self-

efficacy on treatment ability between

before and after family gathering

treatment, because the p-value <0.05

with a 95% confidence value. The mean

value in table 9 shows a positive 0.250

which means that there is a tendency to

increase ability after treatment on

average 0.267. According to the above

discussion, it is hoped that with the

presence of significant changes in self-

efficacy, optimal treatment will be

increased.

1746 | Effectiveness of Group Activity Therapy: "Family Gathering", to Ensure Family in Caring

for Housing Disorders and Preventing Health

5. The role of the family in the care of

clients with mental disorders

Efforts to empower families as early

detection and screening of community

mental health were also welcomed by

the Chairman of the Association of

Indonesian Mental and Drug

Dependent Hospitals (ARSAWAKOI) dr.

H. Bambang Eko Sunaryanto, SpKJ,

MARS, Limited and uneven distribution

of mental health service personnel in

Indonesia is still one of our main

obstacles. In addition, the lack of

interest and the changing locations of

mental health workers often break the

chain of access to care and treatment

for ODGJ who require long-term

therapy. We strongly encourage this

family empowerment effort, because it

will also significantly reduce costs.

From the results of the analysis of

this study, the role of the family before

the family gathering was 26.7%, while

after the family gathering was 76.7%,

there was an increase in the role of the

family which was quite good and the

results of the bivariate statistical

analysis were the probability value or

the p value of the Paired T test in table

10 was 0.000. which means that there is

a difference in the role of the family in

the treatment of mental disorders

between before and after family

gathering treatment, because the p

value < 0.05 with a 95% confidence

value. Therefore, it is expected that with

significant results, it is hoped that the

treatment of mental disorders in the

community will be better.

6. Family Assistance on the Treatment

of Mental Disorder Clients

Independence in assisting families

with mental disorders so that they can

access medical facilities independently,

have medication compliance and have

productive activities. This assistance

can help recover from mental disorders

and improve their quality of life.

Assistance is also to increase the

capacity of families, cadres and

Puskesmas officers for mental

disorders. Through coordination

among relevant stakeholders, it also

helps in providing integrated services

for mental disorders.

The statistical analysis results show

that family assistance before family

gathering is 53.3% while after family

gathering is 50%, there is a decrease in

family assistance this is caused by

several factors, including the time for

assistance after treatment is not long,

carried out a week after the

intervention. So with a very short time

and only done once the family has not

been able to interpret. The probability

value or p value of the Paired T test in

table 11 is 0.813, which means there is

no difference in the role of the family in

the treatment of mental disorders

between before and after the family

gathering treatment, because the p

value is > 0.05 with a 95% confidence

value.

CONCLUSIONS

The application of Group Activity

Therapy (TAK): “Family Gathering”, to make

families independent in treating mental

disorders at home and preventing relapse,

is from knowledge of attitude and

Wien Soelistyo Adi, Sri Eny Setyowati, Elisa
 
                                                                      | 1747 
independence there is an increase but still 
less  significant  with  P  value  >  0.005, 
moderate  self-efficacy  and  family 
assistance  there  is a  significant difference 
with P value < 0.05. Group Activity Therapy: 
family  gatherings  should  be  held 
periodically  for  families  with  mental 
disorders with the aim of reducing family 
fatigue and exhaustion for a long time. 
 
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© 2022 by the authors. Submitted  
for possible open access publication  
under  the  terms  and  conditions  of  the  Creative 
Commons  Attribution  (CC  BY  SA)  license 
(https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). 
 