JRSSEM 2022, Vol. 01, No. 8, 1061 – 1071

E-ISSN: 2807 - 6311, P-ISSN: 2807 - 6494

ITS MANAGEMENT IN PRIMARY SCHOOLS IN JAKARTA,

Yufitri Mayasari1*

However, most teachers are not aware of first aid for traumatic dental injuries. There are 2 types of

elementary schools, namely public elementary schools and private elementary schools. This study

aims to explain the difference in knowledge about traumatic dental injury and its first aid

management between public and private school teachers. Analytical research was conducted using

a cross sectional approach and the sampling method was carried out using purposive sampling.

Questionnaires in the form of Google Forms were used to collect data. Data were statistically

analysed using Chi-square test for any correlation. Based on the results of the study that there is

Yufitri Mayasari, Rahayu Dwi Setia Wibowo | 1062

Dental trauma is an injury that affects

the hard tissues of the teeth and

periodontal tissue due to the impact of a

hard object (Dewi, Jeddy, & Badruzzaman,

can become infected and caused the

forming of abscess which causes pulp

death (Chandukutty, Peedikayil,

Premkumar, Narasimhan, & Jose, 2017);

The World Health Organization (WHO)

declared the prevalence of dental trauma

varies depending on the country (Al-Zaidi

Traumatic dental injuries in children

occur most often in school, thus, this is the

place with the greatest prevalence of

traumatic dental injuries (Zaleckiene,

Peciuliene, Brukiene, & Drukteinis, 2014);

injuries that often occur at school are falls,

bumping into friends, fighting or pushing

between friends. Therefore, teachers have

school teachers receive P3K (First Aid)

training in their curriculum. First aid for

accidents at public schools is managed by

the health centre and provided with

guidance for teachers, while first aid for

teachers is unsatisfactory. Therefore, first

aid training should be carried out to

increase the knowledge of public and

private teachers about first aid for

traumatic dental injuries (Bayram,

Koruyucu, & Seymen, 2017). First aid is an

immediate assistance to people who are

sick or injured who need basic medical

treatment before getting help from a

medical professional. The main purpose of

comparing teacher’s knowledge but there’s

no study that using the real case picture to

assess the differences in teacher’s

knowledge about it between public and

private school in Jakarta. The purpose of

this study is to explain the differences in

knowledge about dental trauma and its

management between public and private

school teachers.

We conducted analytical study for this

study. Questionnaires were personally

handed to 40 teachers from 1 public school

and 1 private school in Jakarta. The study

sample is part of the teacher population

who met the inclusion criteria and were at

the school when data collection was held.

teach at public school and private school in

Jakarta and are willing to fill out a

the Google Forms.

Ethical approval was obtained from the

Scientific Research Commission of the

Faculty of Dentistry, Prof. Dr. Moestopo

(Beragama) with No.

teachers. The questionnaire was divided

distribution presented in eight questions

and the teacher's knowledge about first aid

dental injuries presented in nine questions.

Table 1 shows 16% of female teachers

and 10% of male teachers in the public

schools, while private schools have 35%

female teachers and 15% male teachers.

Based on teaching experience, 25% of

experience of more than 30 years and 45%

of teachers in private schools have 10-20

have attended first aid training and 50% of

private school teachers have attended first

aid training. 20% of public school teachers

participated in first aid training including

material on the management of traumatic

tooth injuries and 25% of private school

teachers attended first aid training

including material on traumatic dental

On average, 40% of public school

teachers have never experienced traumatic

seen traumatic dental injury.

Yufitri Mayasari, Rahayu Dwi Setia Wibowo | 1064

Table 2 shows that on average 22.5% of

public teachers sought for dentist’s

treatment first and 17.5% of private

teachers contacted the school dental clinic

first if their students had traumatic tooth

injuries. Based on the results of the study,

table 3 shows that on average there is no

Physical Education

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Table 2 shows that on average 22.5% of

public teachers soughtdentist’s treatment

firstand 17.5% of private teachers

contacted the school dental clinic first if

their students had traumatic tooth injuries.

2.5% public teachers contacted the public

health centre and 2.5% of private teachers

Based on the results of the study, table

3 shows that the highest p-value of 0.752

(p > 0.05) means that there is no difference

in knowledge about traumatic dental injury

first aid between public and private school

teachers and the lowest p-value is 0.102 (p

> 0.05) means that there is no difference in

Correct Answer:

school nurse or dentist

Yufitri Mayasari, Rahayu Dwi Setia Wibowo | 1066

on Law no. 23 of 1992, concerning Health

states that the School Health Service (UKS)

is compulsory to be held in schools. On

average, only UKS teachers are required to

follow first aid training because they can do

first aid if students have an accident. The

prevalence of traumatic tooth injury cases

in Indonesia is quite large, namely around

different from the study conducted by

Mergany NN et al. in 2016, the results of the

the first aid training that was followed by

the study sample mostly included material

management of traumatic dental injuries.

According to the study conducted by

Sharma R et al. in 2016 teachers in

Bangalore City stated that only 5.7% of

teachers who received material about the

management of traumatic dental injuries

were included in the first aid training

materials they attended (Sharma, Mallaiah,

had experienced a traumatic tooth injury

such as a broken tooth or a tooth

protruding from the gum compared to

dental injuries was higher than the number

of teachers who had never directly

witnessed traumatic dental injuries.

Teachers who have seen first-hand the

occurrence of traumatic tooth injuries have

the experience. Traumatic dental injury

cases often occur in schools because most

teachers have seen first-hand the

Based on this study, most of the study

samples stated that the first contact to seek

a dentist if students suffered traumatic

tooth injuries (Prathyusha et al., 2015).

According to a study conducted by Islam F

et al. in 2017 stated that dentists can take

the right action in dealing with injured

students teeth compared to other health

In this study, when a male student

broke his upper front tooth due to being hit

by a ball from the baseball, what the

teacher did dominantly was to give warm

Based on the results of this study, most

of the teachers believed that a broken

tooth could not heal by being reattached.

Yufitri Mayasari, Rahayu Dwi Setia Wibowo | 1068

not be reconnected. This reflects the lack of

knowledge of teachers about first aid

dental injuries.

In this study, it is stated that when a

female student's tooth hit a chair, there was

not much damage but slightly had mobility

highest results were obtained, namely,

teachers did not take any action and

immediately sent students to the dentist,

then some teachers controlled the bleeding

Controlling the bleeding is important to

avoid large amounts of blood loss because

if you lose large amounts of blood, it can

cause the body to become limp.

The results show that when students hit

the results of the study conducted by

Krishnan R et al. in 2018 which declared

that the teacher of public and private

schools believe that teachers will replant

According to the study of Alamsyah RM et

al. in 2018 showed the correct action,

namely moving the tooth that is separated

from the socket with the fingers but only

holding the crown because holding the

teachers asked their students to bite a

handkerchief to control the bleeding when

the upper front tooth lost and bleeding

because the student fell from the stairs.

This is in line with the study of Attarzadeh

H et al. in 2017 which stated that the

removed from the socket where the tooth

is embedded and some teachers also think

that it will take 30 minutes to see a dentist.

According to the study by Halawany HS et

al. in 2014, the highest results were

obtained, namely, the teacher immediately

went to the dentist after the tooth fell out

of the socket. The tooth must be inserted

back into the socket within the minimum

time possible, which is less than 30 minutes

conducted by Francisco SS et al. in 2015

which showed the highest results that were

obtained, namely the teacher rinsing the

teeth using tap water if the loose tooth is

dirty and they decide to put it back in the

tooth socket.

The study conducted by Reynard E et al.

in 2016 stated that the right thing for

teachers to do is to clean teeth using

running water if the loose tooth is dirty

out of the socket in a dirty state must be

rinsed for 10 seconds using running water

without brushing the teeth so that they do

not cause infection due to germs that stick

to the teeth.

In this study, the highest results were

obtained, namely tissue paper as a

container to bring the tooth to the dentist

tooth to the socket and the liquid to bring

the tooth to the dentist is tap water. This is

This is different from the study of

Reynard E et al. in 2016 which reported the

correct answer is the tooth is placed in the

best storage medium because it has a

neutral pH to maintain the vitality of the

periodontal ligament.

According to study conducted by

Alamsyah RM et al. in 2018, there was a

knowledge of public and private primary

school teachers because teachers in public

elementary schools went through a test

before being accepted to work in public

schools so that the quality of their teachers

was better than that of private schools.

A study by Shamarao S et al. in 2014

stated that there was no significant

traumatic tooth injuries between public

and private primary school teachers.

primary school teachers answered more

correctly than public primary school

teachers. Meanwhile, more public primary

school teachers answered incorrectly than

private primary school teachers. This

proves that there is no difference in

knowledge about first aid for traumatic

tooth injury between public and private

school teachers.

ineffectiveness of the emergency health

service system in schools. The UKS or UKGS

parents about emergency management